module 1 Flashcards
What features has the marine iguana evolved into having?
spends most of its time in the sea
-laterally flattened tails for swimming
-powerful limbs and claws (to hold onto rocks)
-blunt nose (for grazing on seaweed)
What is the only lizard to feed in the sea? And how is this possible?
marine iguana.
possible becuasei it has a salt gland under the skin, between the eyes and nopstil. On each side of the head.
eject the salt by sneezing BUT it sprays on their face makling it white
what does the term Endemic mean?
species live in only one or a very small number of places (island, lake ect) land & marine iguanas
Which island did we talk about in class that contains several endemic species?
Galapagos Island
What endemic species did we see?
endemic species of snails, plants, insects, reptiles, birds & mammals
what does cosmopolitan mean?
a Cosmopolitan species lives around most/many regions of the world. (brown rat, House sparrow)
how many of the plant and reptiles on Galapagos are endemic?
20/22 species of reptiles are endemic
180/500 species or vascular plants are endemic
how has the blue-footed booby adapted on Galapagos?
-diving in water
-nostils that close
-salt-secreting glands
-uropygial gland (for making water-proof oils)
how has the Greater-frigates adapted?
-highest wingspan/weight ratio
-very good at gliding and soaring
-tiny un-webbed feet
-vestigial uropygial gland (waterproofing unecessary
What are cerata? who has them?
Nudibranch.
used for -gas exchange
-defence
what are rhinophores
sensory tenticals on a nudibranch
why are some nudibranch colourful?
to advertise that they are chemical defenses. Some may also have skin glands that produce sulphuric acid or a toxic secretion to repel preditors
-some actually have nematocysts which sting when touched
For what reason is the Red Sponge Nudibranch, Red?
brightly coloured NOT to advertise to preditors. Instead they use it as camoflage when they are living on red and orange sponges
what are the 3 types of adaptations?
Structural adaptaions - physical changes (cerata gas exchange)
Physiological Adaptation - chemical changes in organism (skunk stench)
Behavioural Adaptations - response to external stimuli (birds flying south)
How have the Maritime bears adapted?
they have adapted to deal with
-living in cold (insulation) (blubber)
-moving in snow ice and water (strong with pads)
-hunting for prey (sharp claws and teeth)
*small eyes for snow blindness
COOL: largest living land carnivore
