Module 2.5: safe Internet use Flashcards
What is malware?
Malicious software that is written with negative intentions.
What is a virus in the context of computers?
program written to disrupt the normal functioning of a computer, often activated when you run or open an infected file. Viruses reproduce by infecting other files.
What is a computer worm?
Malware that can distribute itself over a network, typically via email, without requiring an infected program. It reproduces itself many times.
What is a Trojan?
destructive program disguised as a useful application, relying on the user to activate it.
Define spam.
The electronic equivalent of “junk mail”—email advertisements sent without request.
What are hoaxes and scams?
Internet hoaxes are messages or articles intended to deceive or defraud others.
What is phishing?
Attempts by criminals to con users into giving out personal or confidential details (e.g., PINs, passwords) by pretending to be from legitimate organizations, often banks.
What is pharming
scamming practice where a user is automatically redirected to a fake website even if the correct URL for the official website is entered.
What is email spoofing?
The changing of an email header so that the email appears to come from a different source.
What are the prevention and protection measures for a virus?
Install and update anti-virus software.
Don’t open email attachments from untrusted sources.
What are the prevention and protection measures for a computer worm?
Use updated anti-virus software.
Avoid opening suspicious emails.
How can you protect yourself from a Trojan?
Don’t open attachments or run programs unless they’re safe.
What are the prevention and protection measures for spam?
Don’t share your email address carelessly.
Use email filters.
What are the best practices for avoiding hoaxes and scams?
Verify information; don’t believe everything.
Delete hoaxes, don’t forward them.
What are the prevention and protection measures for phishing?
Don’t share bank details through email or SMS.
Use secure sites (look for “https://” and a lock icon).
