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NASM PES > Module 2 - Science of Human Movement > Flashcards

Module 2 - Science of Human Movement Flashcards

1
Q

The study of human movement.

A

Kinesiology

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2
Q

A physics term involving the study of how forces affect a living body.

A

Biomechanics

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3
Q

An equal and opposite external force that is exerted back onto the body by the ground.

A

Ground reaction force

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4
Q

Taking physical measurements and making mathematical computations to reach a conclusion.

A

Quantitative analysis

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5
Q

Applying principles of proper technique and combining them with observations in order to make an education evaluation.

A

Qualitative analysis

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6
Q

A vertical line of reference consisting of a chord with plumb bob attached to one end.

A

Plumb line

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7
Q

An influence applied by one object to another, which results in an acceleration or deceleration of the second object.

A

Force

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8
Q

The amount of matter in an object of physical body.

A

Mass

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9
Q

A substance that takes up space.

A

Matter

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10
Q

The speed of an object.

A

Acceleration

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11
Q

The amount of force that gravity has on the body.

A

Weight

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12
Q

A force that accelerates an object of mass downward toward the earth’s center.

A

Gravity

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13
Q

The resting length of a muscle and the tension the muscle can produce at this resting length.

A

Length-tension relationship

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14
Q

The relationship of muscle’s ability to produce tension at differing shortening velocities.

A

Force-velocity curve

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15
Q

Joint motion.

A

Arthrokinematics

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16
Q

Movement of the bones around the joints.

A

Rotary motion

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17
Q

A force that produces rotation. Common unit of torque is the Newton-Meter or Nm.

A

Torque

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18
Q

Muscles that act as prime movers.

A

Agonists

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19
Q

Muscles that act in direct opposition of the prime movers.

A

Antagonists

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20
Q

Muscles that assist prime movers during functional movement patterns.

A

Synergists

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21
Q

Muscles that support or stabilize the body while the prime movers and the synergists perform the movement patterns.

A

Stabilizers

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22
Q

A combined system of the nervous and muscular systems.

A

Neuromuscular system

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23
Q

Motor response to internal and external environmental stimuli.

A

Motor behavior

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24
Q

How the CNS integrates internal and external sensory information with previous experience to produce a motor response.

A

Motor control

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25
Q

The integration of motor control processes with practice and experience that leads to relatively permanent changes in the body’s capacity to produce skilled movements.

A

Motor learning

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26
Q

The change in motor skill behavior over time-through the lifetime.

A

Motor development

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27
Q

The rate at which motor neurons discharge action potentials; also referred to as rate coding.

A

Motor unit discharge rate

28
Q

The cumulative neural input from sensory afferents to the CNS.

A

Proprioception

29
Q

The ability of the CNS to gather and interpret sensory information to execute the proper motor response.

A

Sensorimotor integration

30
Q

Sensory information provided by the body via length-tension relationships, force-couple relationships and arthrokinematics to monitor movement and environment.

A

Internal feedback

31
Q

Information provided by some external source.

A

External feedback

32
Q

Feedback used after the completion of a movement to help inform the athlete about the outcome of his performance.

A

Knowledge of results

33
Q

Feedback that provides information about the quality of the movement during exercise.

A

Knowledge of performance

34
Q

The components of the Human Movement System (HMS):

A

Skeletal system, Nervous system, Muscular system

35
Q

Plane of movement that bisects the body into right and left halves; involves movement forward and backwards.

A

Sagittal plane

36
Q

Plane of movement that bisects the body into front and back halves; involves sideways movements such as adduction and abduction.

A

Frontal plane

37
Q

Sideways movement away from the body.

A

Abduction

38
Q

Sideways movement toward the body.

A

Adduction

39
Q

Plane of movement that bisects the body into upper and lower halves; involves movements of rotation.

A

Transverse plane

40
Q

Anatomy description of above.

A

Superior

41
Q

Anatomy description of below.

A

Inferior

42
Q

Anatomy description of in front.

A

Anterior

43
Q

Anatomy description of behind.

A

Posterior

44
Q

Anatomy description of beside.

A

Lateral

45
Q

Anatomy description of inside.

A

Medial

46
Q

A lever with the fulcrum between the force and the load (teeter-totter).

A

Class I lever

47
Q

A lever with the load between the force and the fulcrum (wheelbarrow).

A

Class II lever

48
Q

A lever with the force between the load and the fulcrum (lifting a shovel).

A

Class III lever (Note: this is the most common type in the human body)

49
Q

The muscular behavior property that refers to the ability to be stretched or lengthened.

A

Extensibility

50
Q

The muscular behavior property that refers to the ability of the muscle to return to normal or resting length after stretching.

A

Elasticity

51
Q

The muscular behavior property that refers to the ability to respond to a stimulus.

A

Irritability

52
Q

The muscular behavior property that refers to the contract.

A

Ability to develop tension

53
Q

Name the four movement subsystems:

A

1) The deep longitudinal subsystem (DLS)
2) The posterior oblique subsystem (POS)
3) The anterior oblique subsystem (AOS)
4) The lateral subsystem (LS)

54
Q

Motor behavior is the collective study of what?

A

Motor control, motor learning, and motor development.

55
Q

Which class of lever is the most common in the body?

A

III (three)

56
Q

Which of the following describes a person’s ability to change motor behavior over time throughout a life span?

A

Motor development

57
Q

Which of the following muscles is part of the anterior oblique subsystem?

A

External obliques

58
Q

Which muscle behavior refers to its ability to be stretched or lengthened?

A

Extensibility

59
Q

How many classes of levers are present in the body?

A

Three

60
Q

Which of the following muscles is considered a synergist while performing a bench press?

A

Triceps

61
Q

Which of the following muscle actions develops tension while a muscle is lengthening?

A

Eccentric

62
Q

Which muscle action is directly associated with accelerating supination?

A

Concentric

63
Q

Which plane bisects the body into front and back halves with motion occurring around an anterior-posterior axis?

A

Frontal plane

64
Q

The posterior oblique subsystem works synergistically with which other system?

A

Deep longitudinal

65
Q

Which of the following is a form of internal feedback?

A

Sensory information

66
Q

Performing an exercise with elbow extension requires which muscle to be the agonist?

A

Triceps

NASM PES (18 decks)

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