Module 2 (Part 2) Flashcards
FAR Part 77
Establishes the standards for determining obstructions in navigable airspace; sets notice requirements for proposed construction
How do Grant Assurances relate to FAR Part 77?
They require airports to take necessary actions to protect airspace from hazards to safe flight
Define Object
Any natural growth, terrain, permanent or temporary construction or alteration, and apparatus of a permanent or temporary character (trees, cranes, drilling equipment, etc)
Imaginary Surfaces: Primary Surface
Centered on runway centerline, extends 200’ past runway end. 250-1000’ wide
Imaginary Surfaces: Transitional Surfaces
Extends outward from primary surface at a 7:1 glide slope until base of the horizontal surface reaches 150’
Imaginary Surfaces: Runway Protection Zone
Areas underlying the innermost portions of the runway approach zones, as defined in FAR Part 77
Imaginary Surfaces: Approach Surfaces
Start 200’ from the runway end and extend outward from the primary surface for a distance of up to 50,000’ in the case of precision instrument runway - the approach slope can vary from 20:1 for a visual runway to 34:1 for a non-precision runway or to a 50:1 for a precision runway
Imaginary Surfaces: Horizontal Surface
Level plane 150; above the runway elevation - extends in radius to the end of all runways and beyond depending on approach category
Imaginary Surfaces: Conical Surface
Starts at the perimeter of the horizontal surface and continues upward at a slope of 20:1 for a horizontal distance of 4,000’
What must be submitted to the FAA for obstructions?
File a notification as required under Part 77 as 77.13 to the Administrator - Form 7460-1 Notice of Proposed Construction or Alteration
Part 77 Study
Analyzes the effects the construction would have on they access to an airport and the safe operation of aicraft
Components of the Terminal System: Access Interphase
Begins and ends with intermodal connection to community surrounding the airport (curbside, parking, public transit)
Components of the Terminal System: Passenger Processing
Airline ticket counters, baggage claims, flight information display screens
Components of the Terminal System: Flight Interface
Concourses and connections between them, passenger boarding devices (jet-bridges, air stairs)
Who are the four groups of individuals to consider the needs of when designing a terminal?
Passengers; airlines; airport operators; community
What are the three types of passengers?
Business; leisure; international
What are the two measures of passenger volume typically used?
Annual passenger volume and hourly volume
Origination/Destination (O&D) Airports
High percentage of local passengers/turnaround flights - high space requirement for ticket counters, curb length, parking spaces
Through Airports
Relatively high percentage of originating passengers combined with a low percentage of originating flights - high percentage of passengers remain on aircraft, less demand for airport amenities that are found in O&D
Transfer Airports
Significant enplanements of passengers transferring or connecting to other flights - often associated with airline hubs, 30-60 min aircraft servicing, require more space for baggage transfers, concessions, and centralized security locations
Aircraft Mix
Refers to the different sizes, types, and styles of types
How much does the FAA allot per passenger when planning terminal space?
.08-.12 square ft. per enplaned passenger (55% rentable, 45% non rentable)
Curb length planning (automobile, taxi, limo, bus)
Automobile 25’; Taxi 20’; Limo 30’; Public bus 50’
How many vehicles per hour should intermodal highway systems be able to accommodate per hour?
1200-1600 (900-1000 closest lane and 600-900 outside lane)
What percentage of parking is short term? (
80%
Centralized Passenger Processing
All facilities are located in one building - able to serve large number of aircraft (GA, small hub airports)
Conmbined Unit Terminal Buidling
Multiple airlines share a common building
Multiple-Unit Terminal
Separate buildings constructed for each airline with each building becoming a unit-terminal
Decentralized Processing
Passenger facilities are arranged in small modular unites and repeated in one ore more buildings
Simple Terminal Design
Passengers walk onto ramp for waiting aircraft
Linear Terminal Design
Simple terminal lengthened to accommodate traffic - increased walking distances are likely
Pier FInger
Constructed from main terminal onto ramp when land constraints restrict expansion of simple/linear terminal
Satellite
Gates located at ends of long concourses or connecting Automate People Mover Systems
Transporter (Mobile Lounge)
Allows an aircraft to be remotely parked anywhere on ramp areas - transporter then shuttles passengers between aircraft and terminal
Federal Inspection Services
Immigration, customs, agriculture, and public health - uses shortest routes for deplaning passengers
Terminal Location Consdierations
Runway configuration; access to transport network; expansion potential; FAA geometric design standards; existing and planned facilities; terrain; environment impacts
Who do heliports service?
Disaster relief, air ambulance, police, news, construction, tourism, transportation
Does the FAA certify heliports?
No - operators are execmpt from Part 139 requirements
What guidance is provided by the FAA for heliports?
AC 150/5390-2: Heliport Design - Provides guidance on Touchdown and lift-off area (TLOF) and Final approach and takeoff area (FATO)
What is the TLOF?
Physical load bearing surface on which a helicopter land on and should be centered in the FATO
Define seaplane base
Area of water that is used for takeoff and landing of aircraft, together with associated buildings and facilities on shore
What is a sea-lane?
Area for takeoff and landing
Who regulates seaplane markers and lighting?
On a navigable waterway: US Coast Guard
Off a navigable waterway: State law
What is required if for a seaplane base to be federally funded
Seaplane Base Layout Plane (SBLP)
What are the restrictions to be considered an ultralight
Slower than 55kts, stalls under 24kts, empty weight less than 254 lbs, maximum 5 gallon capacity
What is a spaceport?
FAA approved launch sight
What federal act created the commercial sector of the U.S. space industry?
The Commercial Space Launch Act of 1984
National Environmental Act of 1969 (NEPA)
Airports must examine environmental impacts, acquire proper permits, and involve the public before CIP funds will be realeased
What are the three types of approval under NEPA for an ALP
Conditional approval, unconditional approval, mixed approval
Define Conditional Approval
ALP depicts features that are safe and efficient, ALP has not yet completed environmental review, and the FAA has not yet authorized the airport to begin building the facilities shown on the ALP
Define Unconditional Approval
Requirements are safe and efficient, along with the environmental review process, and that the FAA has authorized the building of facilities depicted on the ALP
Define Mixed Approval
The near-term and immediate development shown on the ALP is unconditionally approved and longer-term projects are conditionally approved, pending environmental review
What is the CATEX checklist?
Provides the FAA information about whether an item is categorically excluded from further environmental action, or whether there is an extraordinary circumstance that would trigger further environmental action such as an Environmental Assessment (EA) or an Environmental Impact Statement (EIS)
Reasons for an Environmental Audit?
Determine baseline conditions, determine liabilities of new property, identify problems during construction, identify tenant problems and ensure compliance
What are the elements of an Environmental Audit?
Assess categories of compliance that must be addressed, review of applicable regulations, discussions with key employees and experts, development of a formal report
What government agency is responsible for enforcing environmental regulations?
Environmental Protection Agency
What are the five steps of an Environmental Management System?
Commitment and Environmental Policy, Planning, Implementation and Operation, Management Review
What can airports do to mitigate emissions?
Streamline taxi routes, implement reduced-power taxi and takeoff, require alternative fuels for ground service equipment
Voluntary Airport Low Emissions Program
participating airports can receive emissions credits for reductions achieved through VALE projects
Resource Conservation and Recovery Act controls handling of materials that are one of what four characterstics?
Ignitability, Corrosiveness, Reactivity, Toxicity
