Module 2 (Part 1) Flashcards
Airport Data Record
The link between the actions of the airport operator and the flying community and is filed annually by the airport to the FAA
What is included on an airport’s 5010 Form?
Lighting configurations, the airfield obstructions and other useful information for pilots (used to may the AFD/Airnav.com)
What is required per 14 CFR Part 91.103 as a pilot?
Must be familiar with all pertinent information available for the flight
Airprot Information Technology
A core component of nearly all the processes at an airport
What are some systems that rely on IT at an airport?
Badging; access control; airfield lighting; airside systems (radar, noise monitoring, weather observations); paging systems; business systems
When changing IT systems, what considerations must be made relating to compatibility and integration?
Whether the changes, acquisitions, or implementations integrate with the technological requirements of the entire IT system
When changing IT systems, what considerations must be made relating to security and safety?
Plans must be in place to ensure the changes, acquisitions, or implementations can be made such that security and safety concerns can be maintained during the affected period and for any unexpected delays associated with these processes
When changing IT systems, what considerations must be made relating to scalability?
Ensure that plans are in place for managing the effects that result from future expansions or modifications to part or all of the IT infastructure
When changing IT systems, what considerations must be made relating to usability?
Will stakeholders easily use, or be effectively and efficiently trained to use the IT system?
What is the focus of airside IT systems?
Information delivery and decision making needed to support the movement of aircraft on the ground and in the air (usually located in airfield and in non-public spaces, ie. airfield lighting; AWOS, surface movement radar; fuel monitoring systems)
What is the focus of landside IT systems and what are some examples?
Assist in passenger drop-off and pick-up at the airport (located in publicly accessible spaces - ie. automatic vehicle identification; parking access control; passenger processing systems; multi-user flight information display system (MUFIDS))
What are business and financial management systems needed for at airports?
Used to meed the airport organization’s administrative needs and are tailored to fit the airport’s unique business environment (file storage; asset management; word processing; website mx)
Digital Asset Management
Focuses on any item of text or media that is formatted into a binary sources such as videos, animations, and music or other audio recordings that are owned by an entity
Access Control and Alarm Monitoring System (ACAMS)
Used to allow, restrict, or track the movement of individuals who have been issued airport credentials throughout the security areas of the airport
Facility and Maintenance Systems
Ensure that mechanical systems work properly so that building environments are pleasant and functional - help airport staff keep the airport operating at peak performance
Who are the three stakeholders that are involved in updating information technology systems at airports?
CEO (often the airport director), CIO, and the stakeholder’s executive (represents the employees that will be using the technology for their job)
What are Geographic Information Systems (GIS) used for?
Planning, infrastructure, development and management activities
What components are used in a GIS?
Hardware, software, and infrastructure used for collection, management, analysis, and presentation of geospatial data
What does GIS software do?
Links geographic information with descriptive information
Electronic Airport Layout Plans (eALPS) (Purpose and current status with the FAA)
Allow an ALP to change from paper to an electronic format - FAA has spent the last few years developing an online GIS-based system to adopt for airport use
What is the biggest concern for front-line IT managers?
IT infrastructure encryption and cybersecurity
Types of Hacking: Denial of Service
Intended to disable a machine
Types of Hacking: Malware
Malicious software that can gain access or cause damage to a computer (usually sent through email)
Types of Hacking: Phishing
Designed to steal credit card and personal information
Types of Hacking: Spear Phishing
Hard to spot and usually includes legitimate looking emails to few individuals in an organization
Types of Hacking: Social Engineering
The art of human manipulation when an attacker pretends to be someone or known something trusted to the victim - this is used to leverage and gain information the attacker desires
What levels of government does airport system planning take place at?
National, state, regional, and local
What are the four different planning levels used for U.S. airport?
National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems; statewide integrated airport systems; regional/metropolitan integrated airports system; airport master plans
To receive federal grants under AIP, airports must be in what system?
National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems (NPIAS)
What legislation started federal involvement with airport development?
Federal Airport Act of 1946
Projects undertaken in the NPIAS are categorized into what three types of development?
Purpose (safety, rehabilitation; capacity); physical component (runway, taxiway, apron, equipment acquisition); type of work (construct, expand, improve)
What do Metropolitan Air System Plan (MASP) or State Aviation System Plan do?
Recommends the general location and characteristics of new airport and the nature of development and expansion for exisiting ones
What is the purpose of Airport Master Plans?
Prepared to support the modernization of an existing airport or the construction of a new airport and is the sponsor’s strategy for the development of the airport
Minor adjustments to an existing master plan are typically referred to as what?
ALP Updates
What are the components of a Master Plan process?
Technical report; summary report; updated ALP; webpage; public information kit
If the FAA “accepts” an master plan what does that mean?
FAA has reviewed the elements of the Master Plan to ensure sound planning techniques were used - does not commit the federal government to participate in the proposed development
If the FAA “approves” a master plan what does that mean?
Demand forecasts must resolve any inconsistency between forecasted levels and the Terminal Area Forecasts (TAF) produced by the FAA - suggests the proposed developments are safe
What occurs in the pre-planning process?
Planners and airport sponsors must determine what type of study to conduct and to what level of detail to develop for the individual elements of the study
What legislation dictates the consultant selection process in airport master planning?
Brooks Act - allows an airport to select a consultant based on their previous experience and previous projects
What are the three components of a Public Involvement Program used during master planning?
Technical Advisory Committee; Citizen’s Advisory Committee; Public awareness capaign
What are Environmental Considerations during master planning?
Identify key environmental issues; achieve a balance between the manmade and the natural environment
What is design hour demand?
Basing demand on the peak hour of the average day of the peak month
What is included on an ALP?
Airfield physical facilities; obstruction clearance and approach profiles; land use plans; terminal area and ground access plans; property map
ALP: FAA Order 5100.38 - Airport Improvement Program Handbook
Guidance for ALP preparation; states ALPs are good for 5 years or longer, unless major changes are made or planned
ALP: FAR Part 157 Notice of Construction, Alteration, Activation and Deactivation of Airprots
Notify the FAA 30 days prior to any construction, alteration, or active/deactivation of a landing area
FAA Standard Form SF-7460-1
Notice of Proposed Construction or Alteration
FAA Standard Form SF-7480-1
Notice of Landing Area Proposal
5 Primary functions of ALP
FAA - approved plan necessary for the airport to recevie AIP funding and to continue to receive PFC funding; blueprint for airport development; public document that serves as a record of aeronautical requirements and community reference; enables the FAA and airport sponsor to plan for improvement; working tool for airport saff
ALP Drawing Set
Scaled graphical representation to exisiting and proposed airport areas
ALP: Data Sheet
Wind rose with prevailing winds included
ALP: Facilities Layout Plan
Depicts existing and future facilities
ALP Terminal Area Plan
Terminal height, obstructions, ground access, major highways, and other modes of access such as rail or boat
ALP: Inner portions of approach surface
Profile view that includes the approaches and any obstacles that may affect the approach/proposed removal of the object. Shows existing and planned runway length
Facilities Implementation Plan (CIP/TIP/ACIP)
Explains how to implementation the findings and recommendations of planning effort; must address all of the airport’s planned CIP
14 CFR Part 139
Airports are required to identify areas of an airport used for air carrier operations
AMA (Airport Movement Area)
Runway and taxiway
AOA (Air Operations Area)
All areas of aircraft movement (Non-movement areas included)
ACM (Airport Certification Manual)
Includes those movement areas used for air carrier operations that are subject to regulations
Safety Areas
Defined areas comprising either a runway or a taxiway and the surrounding surfaces - are prepared for or are suitable for reducing the risk of damage to airplanes in the event of an undershoot/undershoot/etc.
Runway Safety Areas are how wide?
Range in widths 120-500 feet
Taxiway Safety Areas are how wide?
Range in widths 49-262 feet
What percentage of aircraft accidents remain within 1,000’ of the runway departure end and within 250’ from the runway centerline?
90%
EMAS
Engineered Material Arresting System - Soft ground arrester system designed not to deform under normal ground vehicle laods
What is the difference between the capabilities of Non-precision and precision runways
Non-precision runways only use horizontal guidance and precision runways have horizontal and vertical guidance
Difference in coloring of runway edge lights
White for the first part; yellow for last 2000’ or last half of runway (whichever is less)
Coloring of runway centerline lights (including coloring of precision runways)
White in the direction of landing; On precision runways - White lights first part, alternate red and white beginning last 3,000’ and solid red last 1,000’ of runway
Color of mandatory signs
White writing with red background
Color of location signs
Yellow writing on black background (black square…you’re there)
Color of directional signs
Black writing on yellow background with an arrow
Color of desintations signs
Black writing on yellow background with an arrow pointing to general area (APRON/TERM/FUEL/etc.)
Displaced Threshold
Threshold relocation for obstacle clearance - white arrows point to location of threshold
What was the first air traffic controller?
Archie League
What is the primary purpose of ATC?
To provide separation for aircraft operating in the system
What is included in the National Airspace System (NAS)?
All airports; navigational aids; air traffic control; airspace within in the U.S.
Class A Airspace
FL180-FL600 - must be on an IFR Flight Plan
Class B Airspace
Surrounds major airports; subject to specific rules and equipment; upside down wedding cake
Class C Airspace
Around an airport; ATC radar vectoring, sequencing, and other services; 10 mile radius
Class D Airspace
5 statue mile radius with a vertical height of 2,500’, has a control tower or uncontrolled airport with instrument approach
Class E Airspace
Corridors that are identified as federal airways, extends up to 18,000 and then begins again at 60,000
Class G Airspace
Uncontrolled airspace existing below Class Echo
Under 14 CFR Part 170.13 what must an airport have/prove to get a control tower?
Available for public use; in the NPIAS; airport must be following all grant assurances; FAA must be furnished land without cost of the control tower; airport must meet the benefit-cost ratio criteria to have a tower
Types of radar: Airport Surveillance Radar (ASR)
Short-range (60nm) radar used primarily for identifying and separating aircraft around airports and is usually combined with Automated Radar Terminal Systems (ARTS) giving position information
Air Route Surveillance Radar (ARSR)
Long range (100-250nm) and is used for en route separation
Airport Surface Detection Equipment (ASDE)
Short-range radar system used by ATC to augment and confirm information and vehicle positions - useful when surface visibility is low
Precision Runway Monitoring (PRM)
High-update radar coupled with a high resolution ATC display that allows more accurate tracking of inbound aircraft so that aircraft in IMC can fly closer when making approaches on parallel runways
No Transgression Zone
Restricted corridors used between two approaches allowing greater IFR capacity to an airport in reduced visiblity
Precision Approach Radar (PAR)
Used by the U.S. military and provides both lateral and vertical guidance
What is the difference between ASOS and AWOS?
ASOS is more expensive and is part of the National Weather Service program; has redundancy built in
