Module 2: Lecture 1 Flashcards
where is blood drawn from?
a vein
what colour is blood?
dark red
blood represents what percent of total body weight?
8%
when blood is put into a centrifuge (or let sit for a few days), it separates. what does it separate into?
- 55% plasma
- 45% formed elements
are platelets cells?
no, they are fragments of cells
which part of separated blood is heavier?
formed elements (not plasma) because it sinks when it is sat out
what are the components of plasma?
- 90% water
- 7% plasma proteins
- 3% other (ions, hormones)
the 45% formed elements component of blood is composed of what?
- more than 99% red blood cells (erythrocytes)
- less than 1% white blood cells (immune cells) and platelets
what is the total volume of blood in women and men?
women is 5L
men is 5.5L
in the formed elements of the blood component, where are the white blood cells?
they are between the plasma and the red blood cells, forming a white coating between them. apart of the white coating is also platelets
what is the main function of Erythrocytes (red blood cells)?
O2 transport
what is the main function of Leukocytes (white blood cells)?
immune systems mobile defense unit
what is the main function of platelets (thrombocytes)?
cell fragments(not cells, cells are fragmented to become platelets); important in hemostasis(maintains blood volume)
- help with formation of blood
what are the physiological roles of blood?
- carrying: (oxygen, nutrients, hormones, metabolic wastes, heat…)
- regulation: (body temperature, pH…)
- protection: (clotting, immunoglobulins….) (protects from disease)
the plasma (component of the blood) has what function?
carries things as long as they are water soluble
what is the function of electrolytes(ions like sodium, potassium and NaCl) in the blood?
maintaining fluid volume between ECF and ICF
what are the most abundant electrolytes in blood?
sodium (Na+) and chloride (Cl-)
- makes sense because NaCl is in IV injections
what is the function of nutrients, wastes, gases and hormones in the blood?
are transported in blood; blood CO2 plays a role in acid-base balance
what is the function of plasma proteins in the blood? (7% of the plasma)
- exert an osmotic effect important in the distribution of the ECF between the vascular and interstitial compartments; buffer pH changes
what are the three main groups of plasma proteins?
- Albumins
- Globulins: - alpha and beta, gamma
- Fibrinogen