Module 1: Lecture 9

Question 1

what is vesicular transport?

Answer 1

active assisted membrane transport for large polar molecules (eg. protein hormones secreted by endocrine cells) and multi-molecular materials (eg. bacteria ingested by white blood cells) to enter and leave the cell
- we have to put it in a vesicle

Question 2

what is phagocytosis?

Answer 2

• cell eating of multi-molecular particles

Question 3

what are the two purpose of exocytosis?

Answer 3

1. secretion of large polar molecules
2. addition of components to membrane

Question 4

why does vesicular transport require energy?

Answer 4

its needed to accomplish vesicle formation and movement within the cell

Question 5

what is endocytosis?

Answer 5

brings material into the cell

Question 6

what is exocytosis?

Answer 6

brings material out the cell

Question 7

what are the three types of endocytosis?

Answer 7

• pinocytosis
• receptor-mediated endocytosis
• phagocytosis

Question 8

what do lysosomes contain?

Answer 8

Hydrolytic enzymes

Question 9

what is pinocytosis?

Answer 9

-type of endocytosis
- “cell drinking”
- drinking fluid that’s in the interstitial space
- nonselective

Question 10

what is macropinocytosis?

Answer 10

large gulps of fluid (this is how dendritic cells take up foreign material to activate the immune system)
- they are specialized cells

Question 11

what is receptor-mediated endocytosis?

Answer 11

• selective uptake of a large molecule

Question 12

what is the molecule that binds to a receptor called?

Answer 12

a ligand

Question 13

what is required in receptor-mediated endocytosis?

Answer 13

• ## a receptor so we are selectively taking up molecules

Question 14

how do viruses enter our cells/

Answer 14

they use receptors to get into the cell so they can multiply

Question 15

what is phagocytosis?

Answer 15

selective uptake of a multimolecular particle
- cell eating of very large molecules
- only certain specialized cells can perform phagocytosis

Question 16

what is the specialized cell that can perform phagocytosis?

Answer 16

phagocytes

Question 17

how do phagocytes eat the large molecules?

Answer 17

they form a Pseudopod that will surround the prey and close in on it.
- fuse it with the lysosome to release enzymes that attack material inside vesicle

Question 18

phagocytosis is enhanced when?

Answer 18

during an immune reaction by protein receptors binding coated pathogens

Question 19

is there fusion with lysosomes in exocytosis?

Answer 19

no

Question 20

what are the two purposes of exocytosis?

Answer 20

1. secretion of large polar molecules (hormones or enzymes)
2. addition of components to membrane (channels or receptors)

Question 21

when we make a cell, or a protein, how do we attach it to the plasma membrane?

Answer 21

make it –> ER –> Golgi –> vesicle –> plasma membrane

Question 22

in the vesicle that’s forming, there is a component of that vesicle, there is a protein on it that does what?

Answer 22

that can sort and take one protein that you’re trying to export

Question 23

what is a docking-marker?

Answer 23

a SNARE on a vesicle (v-SNARE)

Question 24

what is the t-SNARE?

Answer 24

the target snare (the docking marker acceptor)

Question 25

what do the v-SNARE and the t-SNARE do together?

Answer 25

they are a lock and key

Question 26

membrane is constantly ________, retrieved —>______________.

Answer 26

restored and recycled