Module 1: Lecture 9 Flashcards
what is vesicular transport?
active assisted membrane transport for large polar molecules (eg. protein hormones secreted by endocrine cells) and multi-molecular materials (eg. bacteria ingested by white blood cells) to enter and leave the cell
- we have to put it in a vesicle
what is phagocytosis?
- cell eating of multi-molecular particles
what are the two purpose of exocytosis?
- secretion of large polar molecules
- addition of components to membrane
why does vesicular transport require energy?
its needed to accomplish vesicle formation and movement within the cell
what is endocytosis?
brings material into the cell
what is exocytosis?
brings material out the cell
what are the three types of endocytosis?
- pinocytosis
- receptor-mediated endocytosis
- phagocytosis
what do lysosomes contain?
Hydrolytic enzymes
what is pinocytosis?
-type of endocytosis
- “cell drinking”
- drinking fluid that’s in the interstitial space
- nonselective
what is macropinocytosis?
large gulps of fluid (this is how dendritic cells take up foreign material to activate the immune system)
- they are specialized cells
what is receptor-mediated endocytosis?
- selective uptake of a large molecule
what is the molecule that binds to a receptor called?
a ligand
what is required in receptor-mediated endocytosis?
- ## a receptor so we are selectively taking up molecules
how do viruses enter our cells/
they use receptors to get into the cell so they can multiply
what is phagocytosis?
selective uptake of a multimolecular particle
- cell eating of very large molecules
- only certain specialized cells can perform phagocytosis
what is the specialized cell that can perform phagocytosis?
phagocytes
how do phagocytes eat the large molecules?
they form a Pseudopod that will surround the prey and close in on it.
- fuse it with the lysosome to release enzymes that attack material inside vesicle
phagocytosis is enhanced when?
during an immune reaction by protein receptors binding coated pathogens
is there fusion with lysosomes in exocytosis?
no
what are the two purposes of exocytosis?
- secretion of large polar molecules (hormones or enzymes)
- addition of components to membrane (channels or receptors)
when we make a cell, or a protein, how do we attach it to the plasma membrane?
make it –> ER –> Golgi –> vesicle –> plasma membrane
in the vesicle that’s forming, there is a component of that vesicle, there is a protein on it that does what?
that can sort and take one protein that you’re trying to export
what is a docking-marker?
a SNARE on a vesicle (v-SNARE)
what is the t-SNARE?
the target snare (the docking marker acceptor)
what do the v-SNARE and the t-SNARE do together?
they are a lock and key
membrane is constantly ________, retrieved —>______________.
restored and recycled
