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Neuroscience > Module 2 - Brain Anatomy (better version) > Flashcards

Module 2 - Brain Anatomy (better version) Flashcards

1
Q

functions of the forebrain

A

complex cognitive functions (thinking, planning and language)

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2
Q

principle forebrain stuctures

A

basal ganglia, cerebrum, and limbic system

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3
Q

functions of the cerebrum

A

creates reality, perceptual organization, and motor planning

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4
Q

functions of the basal ganglia

A

voluntary movement and sensory guided movement

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5
Q

functions of the limbic system

A

emotion and memory

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6
Q

functions of the diencephalon

A

the between brain

integrates sensory and motor information on way to xortex

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7
Q

principal structures of diencephalon

A

hypothalamus and thalamus

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8
Q

purpose of the thalamus

A

relays sensory information to the cortex

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9
Q

purpose of the hypothalamus

A

homeostasis (temperature regulation)

hormone regulation

eating and drinking

involved with pituitary gland

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10
Q

purpose of the midbrain

A

central part of the brain

controls neural circuits for hearing, seeing, and orienting movements

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11
Q

principal structures of the midbrain

A

tectum and tegmentum

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12
Q

purpose of the tectum

A

audio/visual related orienting movements

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13
Q

purpose of the tegmentum

A

voluntary movements

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14
Q

purpose of the hindbrain

A

oldest part of brain

lots of life sustaining behaviour

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15
Q

principal structures of hindbrain

A

cerebellum, pons, medulla oblongata, and reticular formation

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16
Q

purpose of the cerebellum

A

finely coordinated (ballistic) movements

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17
Q

purpose of the pons

A

bridge between cortex and the cerebellum

contains substructures that perform vital body movements

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18
Q

purpose of the medulla oblongata

A

vital functions (respiratory and cardiovascular)

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19
Q

purpose of the reticular formation

A

sleep/wake and arousal

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20
Q

purpose of the spinal nerves

A

carry information from brain out towards the body

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21
Q

what is sensation

A

sensory processes

involves first contact between organism and environment

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22
Q

what is perception

A

the experience as a result of what we sense

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23
Q

what is transduction

A

when neurons turn energy into a nerve impulse

24
Q

what are the sensory receptors for vision + what energy do they transduce

A

rods and cones

transduce light energy

25
Q

what are the sensory receptors for hearing + what energy do they transduce

A

hair cells on basilar membrane in inner ear

transduce sound waves

26
Q

what are the sensory receptors for somatosensory (touch/pressure/pain) + what energy do they transduce

A

receptors in skin/joints

transduce mechanical energy

27
Q

what are the sensory receptors for taste and olfaction

A

receptors on tongue and in nose

transduce chemical energy

28
Q

purpose of occipital lobe

A

located at back of brain

where visual processing begins

29
Q

purpose of parietal lobe

A

located on top of brain

directs movements towards a goal or to perform a task (such as grasping an object)

30
Q

purpose of temporal lobe

A

located on on bottom of brain

involves with hearing, language, and musical abilities

also involved with facial recognition and emotional processing

31
Q

purpose of frontal lobe

A

located at front of brain

performs brains executive functions like decision making and voluntary movements

32
Q

purpose of central sulcus

A

boundary between frontal and parietal lobes

33
Q

purpose of lateral fissure

A

fissures that run along the sides of the brain

34
Q

purpose of longitudinal fissures

A

divide the left and right hemispheres of the brain

35
Q

purpose of cranial nerves

A

nerves that go throughout different parts of head

help with eye muscles and balance

36
Q

brain-body orientation

A

brain structure in reference to human face

37
Q

spatial orientation

A

brain structure in relation to the body

38
Q

anatomic organization

A

brain structure in relation to a cut through brain

39
Q

3 types of brain sections

A

coronal, horizontal and saggital

40
Q

coronal brain section

A

goes through brain from top to bottom, slicing brain horizontally

makes a front and back of brain

41
Q

horizontal brain section

A

cuts brain in half so that there is a top half and bottom half (goes through centre of brain)

42
Q

saggital brain section

A

cuts brain in half so that there is a left side and a right side

43
Q

4 main views of the brain

A

dorsal, ventral, lateral, and medial

44
Q

purpose of inferior olive

A

motor functions

45
Q

purpose of superior olive

A

hearing functions

46
Q

purpose of the pyramid

A

motor tracts

47
Q

purpose of infundibulum

A

connection between hypothalamus and posterior pituitary

48
Q

purpose of peduncles

A

assist in refining and learning new motor skills

some from tracts from pons to cerebellum

49
Q

superior colliculus purpose

A

vision

50
Q

inferior colliculus purpose

A

hearing

51
Q

lateral geniculate nucleus main purpose

A

vision

52
Q

medial geniculate nucleus main purpose

A

hearing

53
Q

3 main types of neurons

A

sensory, interneurons, and motor neurons

54
Q

purpose of sensory neurons

A

bring sensory and motor info to central nervous system

55
Q

purpose of interneurons

A

associate sensory and motor activity in central nervous system

56
Q

purpose of motor neurons

A

send sensory and motor information to the body

Neuroscience (7 decks)

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