Module 2 Flashcards
Focuses on the kinds of substances or materials and capacities that uniquely make up a human person
Metaphysical approach
Focused on the kind of life, or mode of existence, that is unique to a human person. It examines the essential components of a human person and the essential features of the human way of life
Existential approach
He describes the metaphysical approach as dealing with the what of a human person and the existential approach as dealing with the who of a human person
Martin Heidegger
It connotes two meanings: as bridge and as wall
Intermediary
Emphasizes its life-giving function
Soul
Emphasizes its consciousness
Mind
Emphasizes its nonbodily, nonbiological, or nonphysical nature
Spirit
THREE POSSIBLE ANSWERS
- Unspirited body view
- Disembodied spirit view
- Embodied spirit view
A human person is essentially just his/her body and nothing more. This position naturally results from the belief that humans do not have a spiritual component
Unspirited body view
A human person is essentially just his/her spirit. This view maintains that the human person has both body and spirit but claims that it is the spirit that essentially defined the human person
Disembodied spirit view
A human person is essentially the unity of his/her body and spirit. This view also maintains the human person has both body and spirit but claims that the human person is essentially the unity of these two components
Embodied spirit view
Claims that what we call the “mind” is nothing but the brain, and what we call “mental states” are nothings but the neural states of the brain
Mind-brain identity theory
Claims that what we call “mental states” simply refer to one’s inclinations or tendencies to show certain behaviors
Behaviorism
The spirit and the body are two different kinds of entities or substances in that the body is physical while the spirit is nonphysical
Substance dualism
Plato believes in this which means that the soul travels from one body to another
Reincarnation
Recollection/remembering
Anamnesis
He views reality as composed of two different types of substances, namely, mind (the nonphysical kind) and matter (the physical kind)
Rene Descartes
Descartes’ famous remarks that means “I think, therefore I am.”
Cogito Ergo Sum
It is extended in space but not conscious. Being physical, it is determined by the laws of nature and thus is not free or has no free will. It includes plants, animals, human bodies, and the rest of nature
Matter
It is conscious but not extended in space. Being nonphysical, is not determined by such laws and thus us free or has free will. It include the imperfect minds of humans and the perfect mind of God
Mind
In this doctrine, Aristotle stated that the body and soul are in state of unity
Hylomorphic doctrine
He explains to us the four orders of beings in this world which are properly called hylomorphic namely, nonliving bodies, plants, animals, and men
Aristotle
A set of system of capacities or abilities that gives life to something
Soul
He cognize things sensitively and intellectually. He is called animal because he is no different from any other animals
Man as a rational animal
