Module 2 Flashcards
What are the 20 greatest engineering achievements of the 20th century in 2000, according to the U.S. National Academy of Engineering?
- Electrification
- Automobile
- Airplane
- Water Supply and Distribution
- Electronics
- Radio and Television
- Agricultural Mechanization
- Computers
- Telephone
- Air conditioning and refrigeration
- Highways
- Spacecraft
- Internet
- Imaging
- Household appliances
- Health technologies
- Petroleum and Petrochemical Technologies
- Laser and Fiber Optics
- Nuclear Technologies
- High-performance materials
What is the contribution of civil engineering in the 20 greatest engineering achievements of the 201th century?
Water supply and distribution and highways
What are the achievements of engineering that cannot be achieved without civil engineering?
Electrification, automobile, and airplane
What are three major categories the degree in CE should include units?
Foundational, Theoretical, and Professional
What are the topics included in the Foundational category?
mathematics, natural sciences, humanities, and social sciences
What are the topics that are included in the Theoretical category?
materials science, mechanics, experiments, problem recognition and solving, design, sustainability, contemporary issues/historical perspectives, risk and uncertainties, project management , breadth in civil engineering areas, and technical specialization
They administer the civil engineering professional engineer exam in the United States.
National Council of Examiners for Engineering and Surveying (NCEES)
After passing the EIT (Engineering in Training) exam, the prospective engineer is tested with __________ and __________.
Breadth exam (morning session) and Depth exam (afternoon session)
Before taking the breadth exam and depth exam, what kind of exam is required to pass?
Engineering in Training (EIT) Exam
What type of questions are included in the Breadth Exam?
questions from all six areas of civil engineering: Structural, Water Resources, Geotechnical, Construction, Transportation, and Environmental
What are the questions in the depth exam all about?
Depends on the examinee, the exam focus on one single expertise; the examinee must choose one
What do you call a civil engineer in United States, Canada, South Africa, and many Asian countries, once he/she is licensed?
Professional Engineer
What are the countries where a licensed civil engineer is called a professional engineer?
United States of America, Canada, South Africa, and many Asia countries
What do you call a licensed civil engineer in most of the British commonwealth?
Chartered Engineer
You can call a licensed civil engineer a Chartered Engineer in what country?
most of British commonwealth
What do you call a licensed civil engineer in Australia and New Zealand?
Chartered Professional Engineer
You can call a licensed civil engineer a Chartered Professional Engineer in what countries?
New Zealand and Austria
What do you call a licensed civil engineering in European Union?
European Engineer
What are the professional bodies that created an agreement that is designed to allow engineers to practice across international borders?
- Civil Engineering Association
- American Society of Civil Engineers
- Canadian Society for Civil Engineering
- Chi Epsilon, Civil Engineering honor society
- Earthquake Engineering Research Institute
- Engineers Australia
- Institution of Civil Engineers (UK)
- Institution of Structural Engineers (UK)
- Institute of Transportation Engineers Royal Academy of Engineering (UK)
- Transportation Research Board
- The Institution of Civil Engineering Surveyors
What is the quote typically used in most licensing organizations in United States or Canada?
“only a licensed engineer may prepare, sign and seal, and submit engineering plans and drawings to public authority for approval, or seal engineering work for public and private clients”
Who administers the licensure examination for Civil Engineers in the Philippines?
Professional Regulation Commission (PRC)
How many times do the licensure exam for civil engineers in the Philippines take place? and usually when?
twice a year; May or November
What is the current format of the licensure examination in the Philippines?
the exams are usually taken for two consecutive days and the examinees need to answer three major subjects that they took up during their undergraduate studies.
What is the current format of the licensure examination in the Philippines?
the exams are usually taken for two consecutive days and the examinees need to answer three major subjects that they took up during their undergraduate studies
What is the first subject that you need to answer in the licensure exam?
Mathematics, Surveying, and Transportation Engineering
At what time do examinees take the exam in Mathematics, Surveying, and Transportation Engineering? and how many sets of questions do they need to answer?
8:00 am to 1:00 pm for a total of 5 hours to answer 75 questions
At what time does the examination in Hydraulics and Geotechnical Engineering start? and how many questions?
After one hour break from the first test, the exam will continue at 2:00 pm and will end in 6:00 pm, a four hour exam for fifty problems.
At what time and day do the exam for Structural Engineering and Construction will be taken? and how many questions?
On the second day, it will start at 8:00 am and will end at 1:00 pm, a 5-hour exam for 75 questions.
What are the conditions to pass the licensure exam in Civil Engineering?
First, the examinee must get an average of 70% and above. Then, the examinee must not get a score lower than 50% for each subject.
What will happen if an individual passes the licensure exam in civil engineering?
He/she will be given the title Registered Civil Engineer (RCE) after they took their oath and received their Professional License ID released by the PRC.
They can execute complex analyses or design works.
Senior Engineer
What are the institutes that ASCE incorporates?
- Architectural Engineering Institute(AEI)
- Coasts, Oceans, Ports, and Rivers Institute (COPRI)
- Construction Institute (CI)
- Engineering Mechanics Institutes (EMI)
- Environmental and Water Resources Institute (EWRI)
- Geo-Institute (G-I)
- Structural Engineering Institute (SEI)
- Transportation & Development Institute (TDI)
They focus on the overall interface of projects with their environments.
General Civil Engineers
They apply the principles of geotechnical engineering, structural engineering, environmental engineering, transportation engineering, and construction engineering to residential, commercial, industrial, and public works projects of all sizes and levels of construction.
General Civil Engineers
Engineers in this area work closely with surveyors and specialized civil engineers.
General Civil Engineers
They design grading plans, drainage, pavement, water supply, sewer service, electric, and communications supply, and land divisions.
General Civil Engineers
They visit project sites, develop community consensus and prepare construction plans and specifications.
General Civil Engineers
They help manage coastal areas.
Coastal Engineers
They defend against flooding and erosion.
Coastal Engineers
They design ports.
Coastal Engineers
They work to reclaim lands.
Coastal Engineers
They plan and execute the design from transportation, site development, hydraulic, environmental, structural, and geotechnical engineers.
Construction Engineers
They write and/or review contracts.
Construction Engineers
They evaluate logistical operations.
Construction Engineers
They control the prices of necessary materials, operations, and equipment.
Construction Engineers
They deal with the treatment of chemical, biological, and/or thermal waste, purification of water and air, and the remediation of contaminated sites.
Environmental Engineers
They work with pollution reduction, green engineering, and industrial ecology.
Environmental Engineers
They report information on the environmental consequences of proposed actions and the assessment of the effects of proposed actions for the purpose of assisting society and policy-makers in the decision-making processes, i.e., writing environmental impact reports (EIRs).
Environmental Engineers
They deal with the complex nature of rock and soil, subsurface investigation and testing, foundations, and earth structures (dams, levees, engineering fills, etc.)
Geotechnical Engineers
They depend on knowledge from the fields of geology, material science and testing mechanics, and hydraulics to design foundations, retaining structures, landfills, and similar structures.
Geotechnical Engineers
They can specialize further to use biology and chemistry to devise ways of disposing of hazardous materials and groundwater contamination (called geo-environmental engineering).
Geotechnical Engineers
It is the use of biology and chemistry to devise ways of disposing of hazardous materials and groundwater contamination.
Geo-environmental Engineering
They contrast with the relatively well-defined material properties of steel and concrete used in other areas of civil engineering/
Geotechnical Engineering
It is considered a distinct profession in the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, and most British commonwealth countries
Land Surveying
Land Surveying is a distinct profession in what countries?
United States, Canada, United Kingdom, and most British commonwealth
They establish the boundaries of a parcel of land using its legal description and subdivision plans.
Land Surveying Engineers
They lay out routes of railways, tramway tracks, highways, roads, pipelines, and streets as well as position other infrastructures, such as harbors, before construction.
Land Surveyor
They employ surveying equipment, such as levels and theodolites, for accurate measurement of angular deviation, and horizontal, vertical, and slope distances.
Land Surveyor
They make use of electronic distance measurement (EDM), total stations, global position system (GPS) surveying, and laser scanning with computerization, which have supplemented (and to a large extent supplanted) the traditional optical instruments.
Land Surveyor
They are involved in specifying, designing, constructing, and maintaining municipal infrastructures, such as streets, sidewalks, water supply networks, sewers, street lighting, municipal solid waste management and disposal, storage depots for various bulk materials used for maintenance and public works (salt, sand, etc.), public parks, and bicycle paths.
Municipal or Urban Engineers
They include the civil portion (conduits and access chambers) of the local distribution networks of electrical and telecommunication services.
Municipal or Urban Engineers
They focus on the coordination of infrastructure networks and services, as they are often built and managed by the same municipal authority.
Municipal and Urban Engineers
They analyze and design the structures of buildings, bridges, towers, overpasses, tunnels, offshore structures like oil and gas fields in the sea, and other structures.
Structural Engineers
They identify the loads which act upon a structure and the forces and stresses that arise within that structure due to those loads.
Structural Engineers
They consider the strength, stiffness, and stability of the structure when it is subjected to its own self-weight, other dead loads, and live loads, including furniture, wind, seismic, crowd, or vehicle loads, or transitory, such as temporary construction loads.
Structural Engineers
They take into account the aesthetics, cost, constructability, safety, and sustainability of wind engineering and earthquake engineering.
Structural Engineers
They can specialize further (wind and earthquake engineering).
Structural Engineers
They deal with moving people and goods efficiently, safely, and in a manner conducive to a vital community.
Transportation Engineers
They plan movement using queuing theory, Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS), and infrastructure management.
Transportation Engineer
They design, construct and maintain transportation infrastructure, including streets, canals, highways, rail systems, airports, ports, and mass transit.
Transportation Engineers
They investigate and specify paving materials.
Transportation Engineers
They are involved in transportation planning, transportation engineering, and some aspects of municipal or urban engineering.
Transportation Engineers
They combine hydrology, environmental science, meteorology, geology, and resource management in the collection and management of water as a natural source.
Water Resource Engineers
They relate to the prediction and management of both the quality and the quantity of water in the underground resources (aquifers) and above-ground resources (lakes, rivers, and streams).
Water Resources Engineers
They analyze and model very small to very large areas to predict the amount and content of water as it flows into, through or out of a facility, such as pipelines, water distributions systems, drainage facilities, (including bridges, dams, channels, culverts, levees, storm sewers) and canals.
Water Resource Engineers
Who published a book and created a list of five characteristics of a profession and their attributes?
Geotechnical Engineer John Philip Bachner
What are the five characteristics of a profession and their attribute?
- Systematic body of theory
- Authority
- Community Sanction
- Ethical Codes
- Culture
What is included or attribute of the systematic body of theory?
a. skills flow from an internally consistent system
b. spirits of rationality; expansion theory
What is included or the attribute of the authority?
a. extensive education in systematic theory highlights the layperson’s comparative ignorance
b. functional specificity
What is included or the attribute of the “community sanction?”
a. state-sponsored boards
b. license or registration
What is included or the attribute of “Ethical Codes?”
a. Ethical
+ professional
b. Client-professional
+ impulse to perform maximally
c. Colleague to colleague
d. Cooperative
+ egalitarian
+ supportive
What have included or the attributes of “Culture?”
a. Social Values
b. Services valuable to the community
c. Various models of “appropriate” behavior
+ sounding like a professional
+ saying “no” gracefully
+ making presentations and concluding meetings
d. Symbols
+ argot, jargon
+ insignia, emblems
+ history and folklore
He suggests that engineering history is both history and engineering.
Engineering Historian, Henry Petroski
What did Henry Petroski say about engineering history?
Engineering History is both history and engineering
What are the four phases of civil engineering projects?
- Planning
- Design
- Construction
- Maintenance
This phase usually includes financial study, the study of legal issues, environmental-impact study, and public hearings.
Planning
This phase involves the preliminary design and final design (sometimes an additional intermediate design stage).
Design
It is an outline of the concept, scope, structure, materials to be used, methods for construction, and cost and timeline estimate of the project. It is sometimes part of the planning phase.
Preliminary design
It includes all the detailed designs of every structure involved in the project and every associated facility such as electric and mechanical facilities.
Final Design
This phase includes the physical erection of all the structures and in the meantime the observation of all applicable safety and environmental regulations.
Construction Phase
It is usually done after the construction phase ends and the owner takes over the project. Theo owner of the building usually takes over all the responsibilities but the contractor is usually bound by a warranty agreement.
Maintenancec Phase
What are the attributes of a civil engineer?
- Analytical and organized
- Bold in conception and careful in details
- Creative but conservative
- Dependable and trustworthy
- Ethical and honest
- Forthright but personable
- Passionate about work
The application of the vast amount of knowledge in civil engineering to solving real-life problems requires an analytical approach and an organized mind. Civil engineers are generally very organized in their daily lives as well.
Analytical and Organized
Seeking solutions to real-life problems requires a bold conceptual design. Every new project is different and requires the exploration of different solution outlines. In carrying out the details of the design, the civil engineer must be careful in every step to ensure safety and accuracy.
Bold in Conception and Careful in Details
Finding new and economical solutions to civil engineering problems requires a creative mind that thinks beyond the accepted and regular practices, but the reliability and safety of the created product require a conservative assessment in every aspect, because of every civil engineering product, failure is not an option.
Creative but Conservative
Civil engineers depend on each other in teamwork. Everyone is entrusted to produce reliable and accurate work. Civil engineering projects are all-time sensitive. On-time delivery is highly valued and even financially rewarded as may be written in a contract.
Dependable and Trustworthy
The impact of a civil engineering project is usually wide-ranged and concerns the public interest because it entails the creation of a new-built environment, large or small. A civil engineer must be ethical in practice and honest in character in order to earn public trust.
Ethical and Honest
Civil engineers need to communicate with others effectively. Very rarely does a civil engineer work alone. The teamwork necessitated by the nature of the engineering work requires a civil engineer to possess excellent interpersonal skills to be able to fit in and work well with others.
Forthright but Personable
The authors never met a civil engineer who is not passionate and proud of what they do. Because civil engineer products are everywhere and visible, it is possible to see a civil engineer pointing to a building, a bridge, a river, or other structures and proudly announcing his/her contribution.
Passionate about work
What are the fields that interact or overlap with civil engineering?
- Applied Mechanics/Engineering Mechanics
- Architectural Engineering
- Agricultural Engineering
- Aerospace Engineering
- Biomedical Engineering
- Naval Architecture
It is one of the early and basic mechanics in physics.
Applied Mechanics
It studies the nature and effects of force.
Applied Mechanics
Various applied mechanics areas ranging from the fundamental statics, dynamics, fluid mechanics, and mechanics of material to more advanced areas such as thermal stress and wave propagation have different applications in all areas of civil engineering.
Applied Mechanics
It specializes in the aesthetics and structural design of buildings, and it overlaps with structural engineering.
Architectural Engineering
It traditionally entails two technical areas: irrigation engineering (part of hydraulic engineering) and mechanization (part of mechanical engineering).
Agricultural Engineering
It entails aeronautical engineering and astronautical engineering, which develops vehicles that fly through the earth’s atmosphere and beyond respectively.
Aerospace Engineering
It specializes in the application of engineering to the medical field, including medical imaging, surgical devices, and implant devices.
Biomedical Engineering
Biomedical, Naval, and Aerospace Engineering are similar in what area of civil engineering? and how do they differ?
They overlap with Structural Engineering and differ in the nature of forces acting on the structures or devices.
It is specialized in the design of ships.
Naval Architecture
