Module 14: Hallucinogens, Inhalants Flashcards
Toxic metabolite of Dichloromethane
Carbon Monoxide
Toxic metabolite of Benzene
Phenol
Toxic metabolite of Toluene
Hippuric Acid
What type of inhalant is 1,1-DFE (freon)
Halogenated Hydrocarbon
Inhalant impairment may mimic what
Alcohol Impairment
Hallucinogenic Categories based on structure:
1) Indolylalkylamines (Tryptamines, ergolines (LSD))
2 ) Phenylalkylamines (Mescaline)
Hallucinogenic Categories based on effects:
1) Classic (LSD, Psilocybin)
2) Dissociative (PCP, Ketamine, DXM)
PCP mechanism of action
block NMDA receptors (glutamate-gated ion channels) preventing influx of cations
Hallucinogens whos mechanism of action is similar to serotonin
LSD, Psilocybin, Mescaline
LSD color test
Ehrlich’s –> purple
Psilocybin color test
Marquis–> yellow
Mandelin –> green
Ketamine is classified pharmacologically as a
Dissociative Anesthetic
Hallucinogen similar in structure to PCP
Ketamine
Specimen of choice for inhalants:
blood
Carbon tetrachloride is a _____.
Teratogen, Hepatotoxin, Renal toxin, Pulmonary toxin, Bone marrow toxin
Hepatotoxin
Highest concentrations of inhalants are found in _____ and _____.
Blood and Brain tissue
Primary complication of fluorocarbon exposure:
Cardiovascular toxicity
This compound is in “poppers”
Butyl Nitrite
The primary site of metabolism of inhalants:
Liver
LSD:
Methylalkylamine, Tryptylalkylamine, Phenylalkylamine, Indolyalkylamine, Propylalklyamine
Indolyalkylamine
Pharmacologic isomer of LSD:
D-Isomer
Acute PCP toxicity is characterized by these 4 c’s:
Combativeness, catatonia, convulsions, coma
PCP is classified pharmacologically as a:
Dissociative Anesthetic
Mescaline:
Phenylalkylamine, Indolyalkylamine, Tryptylalkylamine, Propylalklylamine, Methylalkylamine
Phenylalkylamine
Ketamine metabolites:
Norketamine and dehydronorketamine
A hallucinogenic alkaloid isolated from the peyote cactus:
Mescaline
Schedule Level for PCP and LSD:
II (PCP)
I (LSD)
