Module #12: The Gas Phase Flashcards
What is the definition of Pressure?
The force per unit area exerted on an object.
What does Charle’s Law establish?
At constant pressure, the temperature and volume of a gas are linearly proportional
V / T = constant
P1⋅V1 / T1 = P2⋅V2 / T2
Define Extrapolation.
Following an established trend in the data even though there is not data available for that region
What is the Standard Temperature and Pressure (STP)?
A temperature of 273 K and a pressure of 1.00 atm
What is Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressures?
When two or more ideal gases are mixed together, the total pressure of the mixture is equal to the sum of the pressures of each individual gas.
PT = P1 + P2 + P3 + …
Partial pressures –> P1
Define Vapor Pressure.
The pressure exerted by the vapor which sits on top of any liquid.
What is the Pascal (Pa unit)?
Newtons / m^2
What does kPa stand for?
KiloPascals…
What is 1 atmosphere (atm) equal to?
- 000 atm = 101.3 kPa
- 000 atm = 760.0 torr
- 000 atm = 760.0 mmHg
What is the acronym for Millimeters of mercury?
Millimeters of mercury == (mmHg)
How many Torr’s are in 1.000 atm?
760.0 torr = 1.000 atm
How many mmHg are in 1.000 atm?
1.000 atm = 760.0 mmHg
What is Boyle’s Law?
As long as the temperature of the gas stayed the same throughout the experiment, the product of a gas’ volume and pressure is always the same…
P⋅V = constant
P1 ⋅ V1 = P2 ⋅ V2
What type of temperature scale is the Kelvin scale?
The Kelvin scale is an absolute temperature scale.
What temperature scale do you ALWAYS use in Module #12?
You must always use the Kelvin temperature scale
What is the ideal gas property #1?
The molecules (or atoms) that make up the gas are very small compared to the total volume available to the gas
What is the ideal gas property #2?
The molecules (or atoms) that make up the gas must be so far apart from one another that there is no attraction or repulsion between them
What is the ideal gas property #3?
The collisions that occur between the gas molecules (or atoms) must be elastic. In router words, when the molecules (or atoms) collide, no energy can be lost in the collision. Also, no energy can be lost when the molecules (or atoms) of the gas collide with the walls of the container
What does the pressure of an ideal gas depend upon?
The pressure of an ideal gas does not depend on the identity of the gas. It depends only on the quantity of that gas!
The vapor pressure of any liquid increases with ___?
The vapor pressure of any liquid increases with increasing temperature
Define Boiling Point.
The temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid is equal to normal atmospheric pressure
What is the value of R?
0.0821 L * atm / mole * K
What is the ideal gas law?
PV = nR*T
P = Pressure V = Volume n = Number of moles R = 0.0821 T = Temperature
Equation for mole fraction
of moles of components/total # of moles in the mixture
