Module #12: The Gas Phase

Question 1

What is the definition of Pressure?

Answer 1

The force per unit area exerted on an object.

Question 2

What does Charle’s Law establish?

Answer 2

At constant pressure, the temperature and volume of a gas are linearly proportional
V / T = constant
P1⋅V1 / T1 = P2⋅V2 / T2

Question 3

Define Extrapolation.

Answer 3

Following an established trend in the data even though there is not data available for that region

Question 4

What is the Standard Temperature and Pressure (STP)?

Answer 4

A temperature of 273 K and a pressure of 1.00 atm

Question 5

What is Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressures?

Answer 5

When two or more ideal gases are mixed together, the total pressure of the mixture is equal to the sum of the pressures of each individual gas.
PT = P1 + P2 + P3 + …
Partial pressures –> P1

Question 6

Define Vapor Pressure.

Answer 6

The pressure exerted by the vapor which sits on top of any liquid.

Question 7

What is the Pascal (Pa unit)?

Answer 7

Newtons / m^2

Question 8

What does kPa stand for?

Answer 8

KiloPascals…

Question 9

What is 1 atmosphere (atm) equal to?

Answer 9

1. 000 atm = 101.3 kPa
2. 000 atm = 760.0 torr
3. 000 atm = 760.0 mmHg

Question 10

What is the acronym for Millimeters of mercury?

Answer 10

Millimeters of mercury == (mmHg)

Question 11

How many Torr’s are in 1.000 atm?

Answer 11

760.0 torr = 1.000 atm

Question 12

How many mmHg are in 1.000 atm?

Answer 12

1.000 atm = 760.0 mmHg

Question 13

What is Boyle’s Law?

Answer 13

As long as the temperature of the gas stayed the same throughout the experiment, the product of a gas’ volume and pressure is always the same…
P⋅V = constant
P1 ⋅ V1 = P2 ⋅ V2

Question 14

What type of temperature scale is the Kelvin scale?

Answer 14

The Kelvin scale is an absolute temperature scale.

Question 15

What temperature scale do you ALWAYS use in Module #12?

Answer 15

You must always use the Kelvin temperature scale

Question 16

What is the ideal gas property #1?

Answer 16

The molecules (or atoms) that make up the gas are very small compared to the total volume available to the gas

Question 17

What is the ideal gas property #2?

Answer 17

The molecules (or atoms) that make up the gas must be so far apart from one another that there is no attraction or repulsion between them

Question 18

What is the ideal gas property #3?

Answer 18

The collisions that occur between the gas molecules (or atoms) must be elastic. In router words, when the molecules (or atoms) collide, no energy can be lost in the collision. Also, no energy can be lost when the molecules (or atoms) of the gas collide with the walls of the container

Question 19

What does the pressure of an ideal gas depend upon?

Answer 19

The pressure of an ideal gas does not depend on the identity of the gas. It depends only on the quantity of that gas!

Question 20

The vapor pressure of any liquid increases with ___?

Answer 20

The vapor pressure of any liquid increases with increasing temperature

Question 21

Define Boiling Point.

Answer 21

The temperature at which the vapor pressure of a liquid is equal to normal atmospheric pressure

Question 22

What is the value of R?

Answer 22

0.0821 L * atm / mole * K

Question 23

What is the ideal gas law?

Answer 23

PV = nR*T

P = Pressure
V = Volume
n = Number of moles
R = 0.0821
T = Temperature

Question 24

Equation for mole fraction

Answer 24

of moles of components/total # of moles in the mixture