Module #10: Acid/Base Chemistry Flashcards
What is an Acid?
A molecule that donates H{+} ions
What is a Base?
A molecule that accepts H{+} ions.
What is an Amphiprotic (amphoteric) Compound?
Compounds that can act as either an acid or a base, depending on the situation
What are the Acid Properties?
- Taste sour
- Covalent compounds that conduct electricity when added to water
- Turn blue litmus paper red
What are the Base Properties?
- Taste bitter
- Slippery to the touch when dissolved in water
- Turn red litmus paper blue
What is a Polyprotic Acid?
An acid that can donate more than one H[+] ion
Define Molarity.
A concentration unit that tells how many moles of a substance are in a liter of solution. It is determined by taking the number of moles of a substance and dividing by the number of liters of solution.
M = # moles / # liters
Define Dilution.
Adding water to a solution in order to decrease the concentration
What is the Dilution equation?
M[1] x V[1] = M[2] x V[2]
What is Titration?
The process of slowly reacting a base of unknown concentration with an acid of known concentration (or vice versa) until just enough acid has been added to react with all of the base. This process determines the concentration of the unknown base (or acid)
What is the point at which triation is accomplished and the base turns into an acid (or vice versa)?
This is called the ‘endpoint of the triation’
What is a Hydronium ion?
H~3O(+)
What happens to ionic compounds when they dissolve in water?
When ionic compounds dissolve, they split into their constituent ions.
What atom does an acid usually start with?
Acids, with a few notable exceptions, start with a hydrogen atom.
