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Apologia Exploring Creation With Health And Nutrition (2nd Edition) > Module 11: Let's Move > Flashcards

Module 11: Let's Move Flashcards

1
Q

Achondroplasia

A

A genetic mutation which Limits cartilage growth at the epiphyseal plates of long bones

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2
Q

Aerobic respiration

A

Respiration that requires oxygen

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3
Q

Arch

A

A pert that completely encircles the spinal cord

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4
Q

Arthritis

A

Joints that are inflamed and painful

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5
Q

Articular cartilage

A

covers the surfaces of bones where they come together to form joints

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6
Q

Articulation

A

The place where the bones come together; also known as a joint

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7
Q

Bersa

A

A pocket that is also lined with synovial membrane

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8
Q

Body of the vertebrae

A

A hefty

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9
Q

Bone spurs

A

Small projections of bone that can break away and float in the joint capsule

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10
Q

Callus

A

A swollen area made cartilage

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11
Q

Canaliculi

A

Tiny channels between the cells

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12
Q

Cartilage

A

A flexible

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13
Q

Cartilage models

A

Cartilage that have the same shape as the bone that will eventually replace them

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14
Q

Cast

A

a non removable support that rigidly holds the bone in place until it heals

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15
Q

Centers of ossification

A

develop in specific regions of a bone

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16
Q

Central canal

A

Blood vessels running down the middle of the tube which is called…

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17
Q

Chondroblasts

A

cartilage forming cells

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18
Q

Chondrocytes

A

cartilage cells

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19
Q

Closed fracture

A

A break that is contained entirely within the skin

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20
Q

Collagen

A

A protein in a mammal’s body

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21
Q

Compact bone

A

dense

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22
Q

Connective tissue

A

A body tissue that provides support for the body and connects all of its parts

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23
Q

Contract

A

To shorten and thicken

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24
Q

Costal cartilage

A

Spans between the sternum and the upper ribs

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25
Q

costochondritis

A

An inflammation of the coastal cartilages

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26
Q

Creatine phosphate

A

acts as an energy reserve in muscle tissue

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27
Q

Dislocation

A

Movement of a bone away from its regular place of articulation to lodge somewhere else

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28
Q

displaced fracture

A

A break that results in pieces of the bone separate or are crushed or have moved from the original orientation

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29
Q

Dwarfism

A

Little growth hormones produced

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30
Q

epiphyseal line

A

When the growth plate seals into a bony ridge

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31
Q

Epiphysis

A

End of a long bone

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32
Q

Facets

A

Surfaces that come in contact with the vertebra above

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33
Q

Fascia

A

Thin mostly transparent sheets of connective tissue

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34
Q

Fine motor control

A

Helps with precision when drawing or playing instruments

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35
Q

Floating ribs

A

last two pairs of ribs; do not attach to sternum

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36
Q

Foramen

A

A hole through which the spinal cord passes

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37
Q

Fracture

A

A break in a bone

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38
Q

Giantism

A

To much growth hormones produced

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39
Q

Gross motor control

A

One axon can branch to control hundreds of muscle fibers which all contracted the same time; gives unified strength to the large muscles used in activities

40
Q

Hematoma

A

A pool of blood formed by a broken blood vessel

41
Q

Herniate

A

Balloon out or swell out

42
Q

Humorous

A

The upper bone of the arm

43
Q

Hydroxyapatite

A

A type of calcium phosphate

44
Q

Immobilized

A

unable to move

45
Q

Intercostal muscles

A

Muscles between the ribs that help with breathing

46
Q

Invertebral disks

A

Pads of fibrocartilage sandwiched between the bodies of the vertebrae

47
Q

Inverting

A

Turning it inward too far

48
Q

Lamellar bone

A

another name for compact bone

49
Q

Ligament

A

A fibrous band that connects one bone with other bones

50
Q

Matrix

A

A protein gel

51
Q

Medullary cavity

A

The most central part of the long bone

52
Q

Meniscus

A

Protects the tibia from the weight transferred to it by the femur

53
Q

Mitochondria

A

Tiny organelles pact between the mile febrile’s along with the glycogen granules

54
Q

Muscle fiber

A

long slender skeletal muscle cells

55
Q

Myofibrils

A

protein structures that make up muscle fibers

56
Q

Neuromuscular junction

A

the junction between a nerve fiber and the muscle it supplies

57
Q

Nondisplaced fracture

A

When the section of the bone on each side of the break do not separate and do not settle in at an unusual angle

58
Q

Open fracture

A

A fracture with a piece of bone protruding through the skin and exposed to the environment

59
Q

Ossify

A

to harden into bone

60
Q

Osteoarthritis

A

Joint damage or infection breaks down the articular cartilage

61
Q

osteoblasts

A

Cells that make matrix for Bone

62
Q

Osteoclasts

A

Slowly dissolve ossified cartilage

63
Q

Osteocytes

A

bone cells

64
Q

Parts of the spinal cord

A

Cervical vertebrae

65
Q

Periosteum

A

A thin sheet of connective tissue that covers all the bone except for the surface that extends into the joint

66
Q

Plantar fasciitis

A

Inflammation to the fascia in the sole of the foot

67
Q

Processes

A

The extension of the vertebrae

68
Q

Range of motion

A

The full extent a joint can bend in a certain direction without injury

69
Q

Red bone marrow

A

The living manufacturing plant that produces blood cells

70
Q

Reduced

A

The bone fragments are realigned in proper relationship

71
Q

Rehabilitation

A

Return of a structure to the best possible function

72
Q

Relax

A

a lengthening of the muscle when made less tense

73
Q

Remodeling

A

Replacing and Reconstructing it based on the weight it bears and the direction the weight is coming from

74
Q

Rheumatoid arthritis

A

An auto immune disease; a malfunction of the body’s defense system in which the body attacks its own cells as if they were foreign

75
Q

RICE

A

rest

76
Q

Rupture

A

Break or burst

77
Q

Scapula

A

The large flat bone in the upper back

78
Q

Sciatica

A

One sided

79
Q

Shin splints

A

A condition where the fascia on the front of the shin is inflamed

80
Q

Skeletal muscles

A

muscles attached to bone that cause body movements

81
Q

Smooth muscles

A

muscles that act on the lining of the body’s passageways and hollow internal organs

82
Q

Spina bifida

A

And incomplete and closure of the vertebra around the spinal cord and its membranes

83
Q

Splint

A

a sturdy

84
Q

Spongy bone

A

Layer of bone tissue having many small spaces and found just inside the layer of compact bone.

85
Q

Sprain

A

stretching or tearing of ligaments

86
Q

Sternum

A

The sword shaped breast stone in the center of the chest that has several sections

87
Q

Strain

A

Set an injury in a tendon or muscle

88
Q

Stretching

A

Slowly extending or flexing the joint until it reaches the end of its range and holding that position

89
Q

Suture

A

A fixed line that forms after ossification

90
Q

Synovial fluid

A

The small amount of liquid within a joint used as lubrication.

91
Q

Synovial joint

A

A joint which allows the two bones to move freely inside a capsule

92
Q

Synovial membrane

A

lines the capsule and secretes synovial fluid

93
Q

Tendinitis

A

Cancel inflammation of the tendon

94
Q

Tendon

A

A flat serious strap that attaches muscles to bones

95
Q

Tendon

A

Connects muscle to bone

96
Q

Trabeculae

A

Bone rods and plates that support the outer compact bone against stress without adding much weight

97
Q

Woven bone

A

immature bone

Apologia Exploring Creation With Health And Nutrition (2nd Edition) (12 decks)

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