MODULE 11

Question 1

Which cerebellar peduncle contains BOTH afferent and efferent projections?

Answer 1

Inferior cerebellar peduncle

Question 2

Which of the cerebellar peduncles will convey information about the motor plan from the cortex to the contralateral cerebellum?

Answer 2

middle cerebellar peduncle

Question 3

Which of the cerebellar peduncles will convey information from the cerebellum to the contralateral cerebral cortex?

Answer 3

superior cerebellar peduncle

Question 4

T/F: Proprioceptive information and vestibular information from one side of the body is projected to the ipsilateral cerebellum via the inferior cerebellar peduncle.

Answer 4

true

Question 5

Which of the following types of information is NOT conveyed to the cerebellum via mossy fibers?

A: Proprioceptive information

B: Vestibular information

C: Integrated information from the inferior olivary complex

D: Information about the motor plan

Answer 5

C

Question 6

Which deep nucleus is associated with the lateral zone of the cerebellar cortex?

Answer 6

dentate nucleus

Question 7

what is parallel-distributed processing, and where do we see it in cerebellar functioning?

Answer 7

Parallel-distributed processing: communication is distributed as patterns of activation over a connected set of regions that function interactively and in parallel w one another

Each of the cerebellar functional modules are working together in parallel to modulate activity of UMNs

Question 8

Which of the following cerebellar modules will modulate upper motor neurons of the brainstem that are part of the ventromedial system? Select all that apply.

A: Vestibulocerebellum

B: Spinocerebellum (vermal zone)
C: Spinocerebellum (intermediate zone)

D: Cerebrocerebellum

Answer 8

A & B

Question 9

T/F: The interposed nuclei will output to the contralateral limb regions of the motor cortex (via a relay in VL of the thalamus), and the red nucleus to modulate upper motor neurons of the corticospinal and the rubrospinal tracts, respectively.

Answer 9

true

Question 10

The dentate nucleus will project to which of the following areas of the brain. Select all that apply.

A: contralateral limb regions of the motor cortex via a relay in VL of the thalamus

B: contralateral red nucleus

C: bilateral vestibular nuclei

D: bilateral reticular formation

E: trunk region of the contralateral motor cortex via a relay in VL of the thalamus

Answer 10

A & B

Question 11

T/F: You are assessing a patient who had a stroke that affected the lateral zone of the left cerebellum. You would expect to see motor deficits on the right side.

Answer 11

false – the lesion would be from the contralateral cortex but the ipsilateral cerebellum

Question 12

You patient is unable to perform rapid alternating movements of the forearm. This likely indicates which clinical condition?

Answer 12

dysdiadochokinesia (dysfunction of the cerebellum)

Question 13

You patient presents with decreased DTRs, fasciculations, muscle atrophy, and hypotonicity of the upper limb. You suspect an injury to which area?

Answer 13

lower motor neurons

Question 14

In order to look to the right, you need to activate which muscles?

Answer 14

right lateral rectus and left medial rectus

Question 15

Which neural pathway provides innervation of muscles that allow for lens accommodation and pupillary constriction?

A: Communication between preganglionic neurons of the intermediolateral cell column and the superior cervical ganglion.

B: Communication between preganglionic neurons of the EWN and the ciliary ganglion.

C: Communication between the preganglionic neurons of the EWN and the superior cervical ganglion.

Answer 15

B

Question 16

Your patient presents with ptosis of the eye and a constricted pupil. Based on this information you conclude which of the following?

A: CN III palsy

B: CN VI palsy

C: Injury to the superior cervical ganglion

Answer 16

C

Question 17

T/F: Conjugate eye movements involve movement of the eyes in the same direction.

Answer 17

true

Question 18

Which of the following is a gaze shifting movement? Select all that apply.

A; vestibulo-ocular reflex
B: saccades
C: smooth pursuits
D: vergence

Answer 18

B, C, & D

Question 19

T/F: The left horizontal gaze center will produce a horizontal saccade to the right.

Answer 19

False – the right horizontal gaze center will activate LMN that will produce a right horizontal saccade (ipsilateral)

Question 20

Neurons in the right horizontal gaze center will activate neurons in which nucleus of which side?

Answer 20

Abducens nucleus on the right – The right horizontal gaze center will activate neurons in the right abducens nucleus (activating LMN to the right lateral rectus and internuclear neurons that contact the left oculomotor nucleus via the MLF

Question 21

T/F: The frontal eye fields are the UMN that will send commands to control voluntary saccades.

Answer 21

true

Question 22

The tectoreticulospinal system will output to which of the following areas? Select all that apply.

A: horizontal gaze center

B: vertical gaze center

C: medially located LMN in the cervical segments of the spinal cord

D: laterally located LMN in the cervical segments of the spinal cord

Answer 22

A, B, & C – the superior colliculus will project to the gaze centers in the brainstem (control of eye movements) and to medially located LMN in the cervical segments of the spinal cord (control of head and neck movements)