module 10 | project coordination + contact administration Flashcards
what is a direct stakeholder?
parties directly involved with the project
ex: project manager
what is an indirect stakeholder?
parties indirectly involved with the project
ex: support staff
what is a negative stakeholder?
parties who are likely to have a negative impact on the project
ex: those note directly involved, but still affected
what is a positive stakeholder?
parties who are likely to have a favorable impact on the project
often direct stakeholders
what are the basic roles of a project manager?
to define a project’s scope, including:
- goals
- tasks
- costs
- deadlines
what three factors does a project manager balance on any given design project?
- cost
- time
- quality
what member of a project team coordinates all communication between team members on the construction side + design side?
the project manager
if an interior design team is not part of an architectural firm, the architect is considered a what?
a stakeholder
if the interior designer and architect are not part of one firm, how will a client hire the two parties?
the client will hire on two separate contracts
in a project team, who supervises the consultant’s work?
the project manager
what is a general contractor?
the firm that builds the project and is responsible for structural work
what is a field superintendent?
the on-site representative of the general contractor
oversees daily operations and ensures that the schedule is followed, materials are coordinated, and safety regs are met
what is a construction manager?
an overseer of the construction process
works with the project manager + general contractor
who does a construction manager act as an agent of?
the owner
what are three roles of an owner in a construction project?
- defining the scope + objectives
- managing finances (including securing funding)
- managing the timeline
true or false: a construction manager, acting as an agent of the owner, is able to advise the designer on material selection, costs, and constructability.
true
when should add alternates be used?
add alternates should be used for aspects of a project that the client desires, but are not essential
when should deduct alternates be used?
deduct alternates are used as a cost-cutting measures built-in to the construction documents
what type of chart shows the earliest and latest possible finishing time for a project?
a critical path method (cpm) chart
how is a cpm chart formatted?
a cpm chart identifies specific tasks that will affect the project finish date
what is a drawback of using a gantt chart?
gantt charts do not show all sequences + dependencies of the project flow
how does pre-design stage differ from the programming stage?
during the pre-design phase the designer does research on the client + user’s needs + goals, project scope, and schedule
whereas
the programming stage includes interaction and information gathering WITH the client
what is the main purpose of the bidding / tendering phase?
to assist clients in hiring a contractor, answering contractor questions, and providing any additional documentation needed by the contractor
what action is more binding, an approval or a sign-off?
a sign-off
written consent to move forward
what is the purpose of a transmittal letter?
to show when and to whom the documents were sent
it serves as a record of transmission + context between parties
true or false: a designer should use a transmittal for anything needing a comment, approval, or request.
true
what are the two parts of a transmittal?
- the original, sent with the material or document
- a copy placed in the job file
- instructions to the receiver for resubmittal or follow-up action
what is a request for information (rfi)?
a formal written process seeking clarification of contract documents
what is a change order?
a legally-binding document that modifies the original contract by changing the scope, cost, or schedule
an agreement by all parties is required
during construction, who typically issues RFIs?
the contractor or subcontractor
if a change order is not needed, what may a designer issue instead?
notice of a potential change order
what is a purchase order?
an official document to document the sale of products and services to be delivered at a later date
what are two ways a purchase order can be utilized?
- to track the status of ordered goods
- a basis for billing the client
who creates the bill of lading when goods are ready to ship?
the vendor
a change or modification made after the contract is awarded is documented with a _______________.
change order
what happens to a change order once it is accepted + signed?
it becomes part of the contract documents
what is the term for a proposed change directed by the owner directing the contractor to advise the impact of a proposed change?
a contemplated change notice
what is the term for an order by an architect for minor change in work that does not affect the contract sum or time?
architect’s supplemental instruction (asi)
what is an addendum?
a modification to the procurement documents issued for bid or negotiation
when are addenda issued?
prior to the owner-contractor agreement being executed
what is a bulletin used for?
to issue changes after all bids are submitted
after each site visit, what should the designer submit to the owner?
a written field report
what should a designer note if part of a submittal contains work included in another contract?
highlight the area + note “not revised”
if a submittal contains work included in another contract, should the designer proceed and approve the whole submittal?
no, if there is work included in another contract, the designer should highlight the area + note “not revised”
what should a designer note if a submittal cannot be approved?
“revise + resubmit”
if there are minor mistakes in a submittal, how may a designer respond?
“approved as noted”
if a designer responds to a submittal with “approved as noted,” how is the contractor to proceed?
this response allows the contractor to resume work without resubmitting
who is ultimately responsible for compliance with quality of materials, workmanship, and the fabricated components’ dimensions?
the general contractor
true or false: approval of shop drawings later discovered to deviate from the contract documents does not waive responsibility of the contractor.
true
when and only when can fabrication begin?
after the designer reviews + approves a submittal / shop drawing
what is the term for a physical sample meant to represent a portion of the finished project?
a mockup
what is a prototype?
similar to a mockup, but offers the opportunity to test the design
what type of mockup shows a small amount of work built on-site?
an in-situ mockup
what is the benefit of a performance mockup?
a performance mockup has the ability to test the work against the project’s performance standards
who makes the final punch list?
the general contractor
the punch list is required for the designer to determine what?
substantial completion
should the punch list be made before or after furniture installation?
before
in relation to punch lists, what is retainage?
retainage (holdback funds) are moneys held to complete corrections in construction
what percentage of funds are held as retainage?
5% - 10%
what are progress payments?
typically for medium - large projects, payments are made at specific points throughout the project
how are payments distributed within a time-based payment method?
payments are made in equal distributions
how are payments distributed within a milestone-based payment method?
payments are made when specific project stages are complete
how are payments distributed within a completion-based payment method?
payments are due at regular intervals based on the project’s progress
what is an example of completion-based payment?
payments could be due at every 10% of the project’s completion
who do suppliers send invoices to?
the designer
who does the designer send invoices to for services performed and goods purchased?
the client
what is a reason a client may withhold payment?
for defective work or damage
when do warranties + utility / maintenance responsibilities shift to the owner?
after the designer issues a certificate of substantial completion
when is an application for payment issued?
after final completion
what is an application for payment?
a contractor’s formal request for the final balance of project funds
what is the term for the formal testing process that defines + corrects operational deficiencies?
building commissioning
