fx | week 04 review Flashcards
section 06 | technical specifications for ff+e + lighitng
what is the term for a unit of luminous intensity approximately equal to the output of a candle?
candlepower (cp)
what is a lumen?
a unit of luminous flux equal to the amount light emitted per second in a unit solid angle of one steradian from a uniform source of one candela.
what is the term for the density of luminous flux incident on a source in lumens per unit area (lm/m2)?
illuminance
what is the term for luminous flux per unit of projected area and unit solid angle leaving a surface?
luminance
what is the unit for luminance?
luminance = cd/m2
how does direct glare differ from reflected glare?
direct glare results when a light source causes discomfort / interference with a visual task.
reflected glare results when a light source is reflected from a viewed surface into the eye.
what is the visual comfort probability (vcp) factor?
the percentage of people who will find a situation acceptable in terms of discomfort glare.
what is another name for reflected glare?
veiling reflection
what is the simplest way of correcting reflected / veiling glare?
either move the task or move the light source.
what is efficacy in terms of lighitng?
the ratio of luminous flux emitted over the total power output of the source.
how does an incandescent lamp produce light?
incandescent lamps contain a tungsten filament placed within a sealed bulb filled with inert gas.
what kind of lamp is designated by the shape of the lens + the diameter (measured in eighths of an inch)?
incandescent lamps
which type of incandescent lamp shape results in the narrowest beam spread?
an mr16 low-voltage, mirrorless reflector
what are the two available spread types for par + r lamp types?
flood spreads + spot lights
what type of lamp contains a mixture of an inert gas + low-pressure mercury vapour?
fluorescent lamps
what factors make up the designation of a fluorescent bulb?
ex: F40T12WW/RS
- fluorescent lamp
- wattage
- diameter of bulb (measured in eights of an inch)
- color
- starting circuitry
what type of lamp produces light by passing an electric current through a gas or vapour under high pressure?
high-intensity discharge (hid)
what is the color rendering index (cri)?
the measure of how well one source renders the color of an object when compared with a reference source of similar chromaticity with a cri of 100.
what is light loss factor (llf)?
fraction representing the light that will be lost due to age of a lamp or grit covering the lamp.
what is the noise reduction coefficient (nrc)?
a number value that describes the average sound absorption performance of a material.
what is the range of nrc?
- 0.0 - reflects all sound
- .05 - absorbs half of sound
- 1.0 - absorbs all sound
what is crocking resistance?
a material’s resistance to the transfer of color from a surface, when rubbed.
what is the term for the initial amount of money required to purchase + install a product?
a first cost.
what is a life-cycle cost?
the entire cost of a product over its life or the life of the building.
which applications if linen recommended for?
draperies + wallcoverings.
which synthetic fiber is often used as a replacement for wool?
acrylic
which synthetic fibers are most often used as textile fabrics?
acetate, nylon, acrylic, olefin, and polyester.
which natural fibers are most often used as textile fabrics?
wool, cotton, linen, silk, and rayon.
simply, what is the manufacturing process for crypton?
crypton is as engineered fabric made by immersion in a chemical solution followed by a heat set to form a durable coating.
what are benefits of crypton?
- stain, water, flame, and bacteria resistant
- durable + fire resistant
what is the most common cushioning material?
flexible polyurethane foam (fpf)
what standard tests for flame propagation of textiles + films?
nfpa 701 - vertical ignition test (curtains, draperies, etc.)
what standard tests for fire characteristics of upholstered furniture exposed to a flame ignition source?
nfpa 266
what does nfpa 260 test for?
the resistance of upholstered furniture components, separately, to a flame and cigarette ignition.
what does nfpa 261 test for?
the resistance of a seat cushion mockup (foam, liner, fabric) to a lighted cigarette.
what does nfpa 266 test for?
the effect of an open flame on an actual sample chair.
what standard is also known as the wyzenbeek abrasion test?
astm d4157
what mechanism does the wyzenbeek abrasion test use to measure abrasion resistance?
double rubs.
what standard is also know as the taber abrasion test?
astm d3884
what is the most common material tested with a taber abraser?
carpet
what standard is also known as the martindale abrasion test?
astm d4966
what does astm d2261 test for?
the tearing strength of fabrics by a single tear.
what is the difference in colorfastness test between aatcc 16 + aatcc 8?
aatcc 16 measures colorfastness due to light exposure
aatcc 8 measures colorfastness due to crocking
what does aatcc 147 test for?
the detection of bacteriostatic activity on textiles.
what is attic stock?
extra materials that are required to be purchased under a project’s contract + stored for future use.
what is a warranty of title?
the seller has ownership of a product + can legally sell the product to others.
what is an express warranty?
a specific claim or promise about a product’s qualities or performance.
what type of warranty is an implied promise by a merchant that what they are selling is fit for the ordinary purpose for which goods are sold?
a warranty of merchantability
what type of warranty requires that something sold is suitable for the purpose it is sold for?
an implied warranty
what is the standard method for determining voc emissions from office furniture systems?
ansi / bifma m7.1
what is the standard method for formaldehyde + tvoc emissions of low-emitting office furntiture?
ansi / bifma x7.1
what is the american national standard for office furnishings?
ansi / bifma / soho s6.5
what is bifma g1?
the ergonomics guideline for furniture used in office work spaces designed for computer use.
what is ansi / bifma e3?
the furniture sustainability standard
what is a scribe piece?
an oversized piece of laminate or wood, trimmed in the field, to follow minor irregularities of a wall.
