Module 10 HIV

Question 1

What is HIV ?

Answer 1

RNA containing virus, Acquired immune deficiency syndrome AIDS.

Question 2

These medical problems may be exacerbated by co-infection with other disease-causing agents ….?

Answer 2

Such as herpes virus

Question 3

Mathers and Loncar indicate that over the…..?

Answer 3

25 - year period from 2006-2030, between 89 - 117 million people will die of HIV/AIDS.

Question 4

The CDC and Prevention reports that in 2012….?

Answer 4

41,505 cases of HIV in United States.

Question 5

There was case report from 2003 of a patient in Thailand ….?

Answer 5

Indicating that acupuncture was the only known risk for the seroconversion of a previously HIV seronegative 60 years old female.

Question 6

What is the difference between HIV-1 and HIV-2 ?

Answer 6

HIV-1 is the more virulent virus and is more easily transmitted. It’s the cause of the majority of HIV infections globally.
HIV-2 has a slower

Question 7

What is the transmission way for HIV ?

Answer 7

Blood to blood contact, but risk is much lower than that for HBV

Question 8

Healthcare workers have estimated that the average risk for ….?

Answer 8

1. HIV transmission after percutaneous exposure is approximately 0.3%
2. The risk of HBV transmission is 6-30%
3. The risk of HCV transmission is 1.8%
   ( percutaneous exposure that occurs from contaminated instruments “suturing, needlestick” , or contact of contaminated blood with non-intact skin)

Question 9

HIV survival in the environment?

Answer 9

HIV does not survive long outside the human body( such as on surfaces), outside of the body, the virus dies within minutes without the temperature necessary for it’s survival.

Question 10

When was the first case reported in U.S ?

Answer 10

1981, by the end of 1981, 316 cases of this newly discovered syndrome were reported to the CDC.

Question 11

At the end of 2009 …..HIV?

Answer 11

1,148,200 persons aged 13 and older were living with HIV infection in the U.S, including 207,600(18.1%) persons whose infections had not been diagnosed.

Question 12

What is the medication for HIV positive on expectant mothers?

Answer 12

Antiretroviral medication

Question 13

In 1981-2010 HIV seroconversion ?

Answer 13

57 had documented seroconversion to HIV following occupational exposures.
49 healthcare personnel were exposed to HIV-infected blood (puncture or cut injuries)
3 to concentrated virus in laboratory
1 to visibly bloody fluid
4 to an unspecified fluid

Question 14

HIV long incubation period?

Answer 14

Average of 8-10 years from infection to the development of AIDS in individuals not on effective antiretroviral therapy

Question 15

HIV symptoms?

Answer 15

Half of the people with HIV develop AIDS within 10 years after becoming infected. Symptoms of HIV include fever, malaise, body aches, maculopapular rash, lymphadenopathy and headache. Other symptoms include night sweats, unexplained weight loss, chronic diarrhea, fever for 30 days or longer.