Module 1- Scientific inquiry

Question 1

what is science

Answer 1

a collection of knowledge and a process of discovering how various parts of the universe interact with each other

Question 2

Physics

Answer 2

is the study of forces and energy.

Question 3

Chemistry

Answer 3

the study of atoms and molecules, their structures, and their interactions to form various substances

Question 4

Earth science

Answer 4

Earths structure and composition, as well as the process that change earth such as volcanic and seismic activity.

Question 5

physical science

Answer 5

studies non-living organisms

earth science, chemistry, physics

Question 6

life science

Answer 6

studies living organisms

Question 7

Atoms

Answer 7

extremely small particles that make up All living and non-living things. Atoms are so small they cannot be seen with an ordinary microscope. when these particles bond together they make a wide variety of molecules.
Atoms and molecules make up every substance we know.

Question 8

variables

Answer 8

changing quantities in an experiment

Question 9

dependent variable

Answer 9

the one that changes because of the independent variable

Question 10

independent variable

Answer 10

is the one that is being changed or controlled by the experimenter

Question 11

control(constant) variable

Answer 11

the variables that need to be either eliminated or kept constant (these are not being studied)

Question 12

controlled study

Answer 12

an independent variable (the cause) is systematically manipulated and the dependent variable (the effect) is measured; any extraneous variables are controlled.

Question 13

observational study

Answer 13

can be done with our own senses (sight, hearing, smell, taste, or touch) or by using tools (telescopes, radiation detectors, multimeters, etc.).

In observational studies, the systems are observed as they appear in nature and researchers do not attempt to change them.

Question 14

field study

Answer 14

collection of raw data outside a laboratory, library, or workplace setting. The approaches and methods used in field research vary across disciplines.

Question 15

physical model

Answer 15

is a smaller or larger physical copy of an object used to study the larger scale.

Question 16

conceptual models

Answer 16

can be used to visualize things that cannot be seen, such as atoms.
The main goals of a conceptual model are to capture the essential features of the system that it represents and to be easily understood by those who use the model.

Question 17

mathematical models

Answer 17

treat physical objects or phenomena using mathematical methods. In these models, pertinent physical characteristics are represented using formulas, graphs, or other mathematical means.

Question 18

principle of falsification

Answer 18

for a theory to be considered scientific it must be able to be tested and proven false.

Question 19

hypothesis

Answer 19

an educated guess or prediction that might explain a phenomenon.

• is based on real data with little supporting evidence.
• relies on the principle of falsifiability.

Question 20

scientific law

Answer 20

A law is a concise statement based on many experiments or observations.

• supported by all data and observations
• descriptions of natural phenomena
• generally rely on a mathematical equation

Question 21

Theory

Answer 21

is a statement that explains a wide range of observations and that is supported by a large body of scientific evidence. It explains how and why things happen