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Anaphy Lec > Module 1 Pt 1 > Flashcards

Module 1 Pt 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Is the study of the structure and relationship between body parts.

A

Anatomy

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2
Q

the study of the function of body parts and the body as a whole

A

Physiology

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3
Q

is the functional changes associated with or resulting from disease or injury

A

Patho-physiology

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4
Q

Level of Organization of Human Body

A

Atom
Molecule
Cell
Tissue
Organ
Organ system
Organism

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5
Q

Transports oxygen, nutrients, and other substances to the
cells and transports wastes, carbon dioxide, and other substances away from the cells; it can also help stabilize body temperature and pH

A

Cardiovascular

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6
Q

Defends against infection and disease and transfers lymph between tissues and the blood stream

A

Lymphatic

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7
Q

Processes foods and absorbs nutrients, minerals, vitamins, and water

A

Digestive

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8
Q

Mouth, salivary glands, esophagus, stomach, liver, gallbladder, exocrine pancreas, small intestine, and large intestine

A

Digestive

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9
Q

Lymph, lymph nodes, and lymph vessels

A

Lymphatic

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10
Q

Heart blood blood vessels

A

Cardiovascular

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11
Q

Provides communication within the body via hormones and directs long-term change in other organ systems to maintain homeostasis

A

Endocrine

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12
Q

Pituitary, pineal, thyroid, parathyroids, endocrine pancreas, adrenals, testes, and ovaries.

A

Endocrine

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13
Q

Provides protection from injury and fluid loss and provides
physical defense against infection by microorganisms;
involved in temperature control

A

Integumentary

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14
Q

Skin, hair, and nails

A

Integumentary

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15
Q

Provides movement, support, and heat production

A

Muscular

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16
Q

Skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscles

A

Muscular

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17
Q

Collects, transfers, and processes information and directs short-term change in other organ systems

A

Nervous

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18
Q

Brain, spinal cord, nerves, and sensory organs—eyes, ears, tongue, skin, and nose

A

Nervous

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19
Q

Produces gametes—sex cells—and sex hormones; ultimately produces offspring

A

Reproductive

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20
Q

Fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina, ovaries, mammary glands (female), testes, vas deferens, seminal vesicles, prostate, and penis (male)

A

Reproductive

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21
Q

Delivers air to sites where gas exchange can occur

A

Respiratory

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22
Q

Mouth, nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs, and diaphragm

A

Respiratory

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23
Q

Supports and protects soft tissues of the body; provides movement at joints; produces blood cells; and stores minerals

A

Skeletal

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24
Q

Bones, cartilage, joints, tendons, and ligaments

A

Skeletal

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25
Q

Removes excess water, salts, and waste products from the blood and body and controls pH

A

Urinary

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26
Q

Kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra

A

Urinary

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27
Q

Defends against microbial pathogens—disease-causing agents—and other diseases

A

Immune

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28
Q

Leukocytes, tonsils, adenoids, thymus, and spleen

A

Immune

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29
Q

Structures that emerge from the time of the fertilized egg through the eighth week in utero.

A

Embryology

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30
Q

Structures that emerge from the time of the fertilized egg to the adult form.

A

Developmental biology

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31
Q

Microscopic structure of tissues.

A

Histology

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32
Q

Anatomical landmarks on the surface of the body through visualization and palpation.

A

Surface anatomy

33
Q

hist- =

A

tissue)

34
Q

embry- =; -logy =

A

embryo

study of)

35
Q

Structures that can be examined without using a microscope.

A

Gross anatomy

36
Q

Structure of specific systems of the body such as the nervous or respiratory systems.

A

Systemic anatomy

37
Q

Specific regions of the body such as the head or chest.

A

Regional anatomy

38
Q

Body structures that can be visualized with x rays.

A

Radiographic anatomy

39
Q

radio- =; -graphic =)

A

ray

to write

40
Q

Structural changes (from gross to microscopic) associated with disease.

A

Pathological anatomy

41
Q

path- =)

A

disease

42
Q

Functional properties of nerve cells.

A

Neurophysiology

43
Q

neuro- =)

A

nerve

44
Q

Hormones (chemical regulators in the blood) and how they control body functions.

A

Endocrinology

45
Q

endo- =; -crin =)

A

within

secretion

46
Q

Functions of the heart and blood vessels.

A

Cardiovascular physiology

47
Q

cardi- =; - vascular =）

A

heart

blood vessels

48
Q

How the body defends itself against disease-causing agents.

A

Immunology

49
Q

immun- =)

A

not susceptible

50
Q

Functions of the air passageways and lungs.

A

Respiratory physiology

51
Q

respira-—

A

to breathe)

52
Q

Functions of the kidneys.

A

Renal physiology

53
Q

ren- =)

A

kidney

54
Q

Changes in cell and organ functions as a result of muscular activity.

A

Exercise physiology

55
Q

Functional changes associated with disease and aging.

A

Pathophysiology

56
Q

CHARACTERISTIC OF LIFE

A

ALIVE
- GROWTH and development
RESPOND to the environment
CELLULAR structure & composition
METABOLISM energy from chemical reactions
HOMEOSTASIS stable inner conditions
HEREDITY of traits
REPRODUCE offspring

57
Q

A characteristic of all living systems is homeostasis, or the maintenance of stable, internal conditions within specific limits.

A

Homeostasis

58
Q

Homeostatic control

A

Negative feedback loop
Body temp regulation

59
Q

Negative feedback loop

A

Stimulus

Sensor

Control

Effector

60
Q

Body temperature regulation

A

Body temperature exceeds 37°C

Nerve cells in skin and brain

Temperature regulatory center in brain

Sweat glands throughout body

61
Q

is a type of regulation in biological systems in which the end product of a process in turn reduces the stimulus of that same process.

A

NEGATIVE FEEDBACK MECHANISM

62
Q

A feedback mechanism resulting in the amplification or growth of the output signal.

A

POSITIVE FEEDBACK MECHANISM

63
Q

is a form of opposite of the Endomorph.

A

Ectomorph

64
Q

Physically, they tend to have:
Narrow shoulders and hips.
A thin and narrow face, with a high forehead. A thin and narrow chest and abdomen.
Very little body fat.
Thin legs and arms.

A

Ectomorph

65
Q

is somewhere between the round endomorph and the thin ectomorph. Physically, they have the more ‘desirable’ body, and have:

A

mesomorph

66
Q

Large head, broad shoulders, and narrow waist (wedge-shaped). Muscular body, with strong forearms and thighs
Very little body fat
Genetically gifted; greatest bodybuilding potential.
Long torso, full chest, good shoulder to waist ratio

A

mesomorph

67
Q

is physically quite ‘round’, and is typified as the ‘barrel of fun’ person.

A

Endomorph

68
Q

Wide hips and narrow shoulders, which makes them rather pear-shaped.
• Quite a lot of fat spread across the body, including upper arms and thighs.
• They have quite slim ankles and wrists, which only serves to accentuate the fatter other parts.
• Wide bone structure.
• Slower metabolism.
• Weight gain is easy, though fat loss is difficult.
• Tends to store fat, which hides muscle gains.

A

Endomorph

69
Q

Environmental change that signals the body

A

(Stressor

70
Q

Sensor that is sensitive to a stimulus

A

Receptor

71
Q

Receives and process information

A

Control Center

72
Q

Cell or organ that responds to the control center

A

Effector

73
Q

Change in the body to maintain homeostasis

A

Response

74
Q

Organ systems work together

A

To keep within the range around the set point

75
Q

Body Systems are

They work together to maintain this stable internal environment

A

Interdependent

76
Q

It is the state of steady internal chemical and physical conditions maintained by living systems.

A

homeostasis

77
Q

The theory of homeostasis was first introduced by, a French Physiologist in the year.

A

Claude Bernard, 1865

78
Q

The term was first used in by

A

1926, Walter Bradford Cannon

79
Q

Bradford derived Homeostasis from the ancient Greek words “

A

hómoio” which means similar to
“stasis” meaning stand still

Anaphy Lec (8 decks)

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