Module 1 (Proteins)

Question 1

P_____ p______ s______: sequences of a c____ of a_____ a_____

Answer 1

Primary protein structure, chain of amino acids

Question 2

S_______ protein structure, occurs when the sequence of amino acids are linked by h______ b______

Answer 2

Secondary protein structure, hydrogen bonds

Question 3

T_______ structure: occurs when certain a_______ are present between a_______ h_______ and b_______ s_______

Answer 3

Tertiary structure, attractions, alpha helices, beta sheets

Question 4

Q_______ structure: protein consisting of m____ t____ o_____ amino acid chain

Answer 4

Quaternary structure, more than one

Question 5

Proteins are made of many small molecule called a_____ a_____ that connect to create one large molecule (p_______)

Answer 5

Amino acids, polypeptide

Question 6

Amino acids always have an amino group, carboxyl group, R group, and an a____ c____ with a h_____ bonded to it

Answer 6

alpha carbon, hydrogen

Question 7

The ___ g____ is the determinant for the amino acid

Answer 7

R group

Question 8

Look at the most d_____ part to categorize the R group as nonpolar, polar, negatively charged, or positively charged. Polar molecules have oxygen, fluorine, NH, OH

Answer 8

distal

Question 9

All amino acids have some sort of polar charge because of their backbone. The R group is what actually c_______ the amino acid as polar or non polar

Answer 9

Categorizes

Question 10

When two amino acids bond together, the c______ g____ of one amino acid bonded to the a_____ g____ of another amino acid to form a p______ b______. W______ is taken out in this process

Answer 10

Carbonyl group, amino group, peptide bond

Question 11

D______ in only t___ amino acids. P______ are three or m____

Answer 11

Dipeptide, two, polypeptide, more

Question 12

Which structure determines the final form of the protein?

Answer 12

The primary structure

Question 13

The a_____ h____ in the secondary structure: each carbonyl group in the backbone forms a h______ b_____ with an amide group

does not involve the _ ______ of amino acids

Answer 13

Alpha helix, hydrogen bond, R groups

Question 14

B____ s____ in secondary structure: h_____ bonds form between carbonyl groups in one polypeptide and amide groups in a different part of the polypeptide. A_____strands can run in the same direction or in opposite directions

Does not involve the R-group.

Answer 14

Beta sheet, hydrogen, adjacent

Question 15

T______ s_____: is a result of i______ that involve _ ______. Occurs when certain attractions are present between alpha helices, pleated sheets, and interactions between R-groups. Has d____ structures. Can form a h____ bond between R group. Contains d_____ bonds

Found in the ____ of a protein, s_____ them from water

Answer 15

Tertiary structure, interactions, R-groups, diverse, hydrogen, disulfide, middle, shields

Question 16

Q_______ s______: only a few proteins can form this. Involves the assembly of separate p_______ to form the complete functional protein. More than one a____ a____ interact

Answer 16

Quaternary structure, polypeptides, amino acids

Question 17

P______ d______: protein s_____ can be disrupted and cause it to denature, meaning the proteins can lose its s_______, t_______, and q______.

Denaturing a protein will result in the protein losing its structure (u______) and therefore loses its f______

Answer 17

Protein denaturization, structure, secondary, tertiary, quaternary, unravels, function

Question 18

Pumps in active transport work against the e_______ g______

Answer 18

Electrochemical gradient