Module 1 Lesson 1 Flashcards
Translates to “the study of small life,” where the small life refers to microorganisms or microbes.
Microbiology
are microscopic organisms that exist as cellular
microbes (or organisms) and the acellular microbes (or agents).
Microorganisms or microbes
where one cell is the entire organism
unicellular
Where numerous number of cells can make up the entire organism
multicellular
can infect and cause diseases on human, plants or animals
Pathogenic microorganism
are beneficial to the host.
nonpathogenic microorganisms
Is a population of microorganisms naturally present within a healthy body. It could be on the skin surface, within natural body cavities, in the gastrointestinal tract or reproductive tract.
normal Flora
cell shape, size (μm), and structure, special structures, cell arrangements, staining reactions and motility and flagellar arrangements.
Morphological characteristics
chemical constituents of the cells
Chemical composition
nutritional requirements and physical conditions required for growth (temperature), and the manner in which growth occurs.
Cultural characteristics
How cells obtain and use their energy, carry out chemical reactions, and regulate these reactions
Metabolic characteristics
: distinctive chemical components (antigens) of the microorganism
Antigenic characteristics
Hereditary material of the cell
Genetic characteristics
Ability to cause disease of microorganisms
Pathogenicity
Habitat and distribution of microorganisms in nature, and interaction between and among species in natural environment
Ecological characteristics
prokaryotes (no nuclear membrane); unicellular; enclosed in cell
walls rich in carbohydrates and peptidoglycan; divides by binary fission.
Bacteria
prokaryotic; cell walls lacks peptidoglycan; found in extreme
environments.
Archaea
eukaryotic cell (with distinct nucleus); may be uni/multicellular.
Fungi
unicellular eukaryotic; move by appendages.
Protozoa
photosynthetic eukaryotes; cell walls are made of cellulose (plant
carbohydrate).
Algae
Acellular microorganism; made either of DNA or RNA surrounded by a protein
coat, that is sometimes further encased in a lipid membrane; need host cells to
reproduce.
Virus
although not strictly microorganisms, these organisms
are microscopic in some stages of their development. Also use microbiological
techniques in their diagnosis.
Multicellular animal parasites
