Module 1: Epidemic and Emerging Zoonoses

Question 1

expected or baseline presence of a certain disease in an (animal) population within a geographic area

Answer 1

Endemic (enzootic)

Question 2

increase, often sudden, in the number of cases of a certain disease above what is expected in an (animal)

Answer 2

Epidemic (epizootic)

Question 3

epidemic occurring worldwide, or over a very wide area, crossing international boundaries and usually affecting many people

Answer 3

Pandemic

Question 4

newly recognized, newly introduced, or newly evolved in a population; spreading to new geographic area or populations where it has been previously controlled or eradicated

Answer 4

Emerging

Question 5

already recognized but rapidly increasing in incidence or expanding in geographical, host, or vector range

Answer 5

Re-emerging

Question 6

transmission of a pathogen among species (interspecies or cross-species)

Answer 6

Spillover

Question 7

(T/F) A single case of a disease could be classified as an epidemic

Answer 7

True

Question 8

Majority of emerging infectious diseases (EIDs) in people are of animal origin (zoonotic)
- About what percentage of emerging zoonoses have wildlife origins?

Answer 8

72%

Question 9

What are the criteria for ranking zoonotic diseases in the U.S.?

Answer 9

1. Pandemic or Epidemic potential
2. Severity of disease in humans, domestic animals, or wildlife
3. Economic impact (trade, animal production, tourism)
4. Transmission or introduction potential in U.S.
5. National Security (bioterrorism Potential)

Question 10

Top Zoonotic Diseases of National Concern for the United States:

Answer 10

1. Zoonotic influenza (influenza A viruses)
2. Salmonellosis
3. West Nile virus
4. Plague
5. Emerging coronaviruses (e.g., SARS, MERS)
6. Rabies
7. Brucellosis
8. Lyme disease