Module 1 Flashcards
Ottawa Charter
The process of enabling people to increase control over and to improve, their health
Empowerment
“Process through which people gain greater control over the decisions and actions affecting their health.”
Empowerment & Health
Theory and Practice of Community Change, identifies three conditions that contribute to empowerment by Nina Wallerstein: social networks, community participation & community competence
Positive Health Impacts of Empowerment
increased levels of social support, enhanced coping capacities, increased life satisfaction and decreased susceptibility to illness.
Example of Empowerment
A local health center adapts it’s services to meet the language and cultural needs of the growing South Asian population in the community
Inclusion
- Excluded people cannot access health, social or economic benefits of full participation in society
- Excluded by poverty, ill health, gender, race, disability or lack of education
- HPWs work with marginalized groups in the community who face systemic barriers to good health
- E.g. A health clinic promotes acceptance of different perspectives, viewpoints and lifestyles
Respect
- Diverse viewpoints, cultures and perspectives
- Builds sustainable relationships
- Basis for action to achieve shared goals
- E.g. A public health team accounts for the 12 determinants of health in planning the delivery of accessible health service
Holistic view on Health
A state of complete physical, mental and social well-being rather than a mere absence of disease or infirmity.
- Health= resource for everyday life
- Physical health is one resource contributing to health along with other social and personal resources
Focus on Participatory Approaches
- Addressing health issues by doing things with people rather than for them
- Supporting people to get greater control over the conditions that affect their health (IMPORTANT!)
- Includes values such as empowerment, social justice and equity, inclusion and respect
Focus of SDoHs
-range of social, economic and environmental factors which determine the health status of individuals or populations
Building on existing strengths & assets
- Community leaders
- Existing programs and services
- Strong social networks
- Community institutions and events that bring people together
Use of Multiple Complementary Strategies
- comprehensive approach
- addresses diff levels of audiences including individuals, networks, organizations or society as a whole
Ottawa Charter Action Areas
a) Build healthy public policy
b) Create supportive environments
c) Strengthen community action
d) Develop personal skills
e) Re-orient health services
Complementary Strategies
- Health communication
- Health education
- Self-help/mutual aid
- Organizational change
- Community development and mobilization
- advocacy
- Policy change
- Intersectional collaboration
Multidisciplinary Nature
HP includes elements from…
- Psychology
- Sociology
- Nursing
- Social work
- Community organizing
- Planning and education
HP Settings
- Understand health behaviour and decide on appropriate health promotion interventions
- When, where & how to build supportive environments that encourage health?