Module 1 Flashcards
Define gerontology
The scientific study of factors impacting normal aging process and effects of aging
Define elderly
65 and older
Define geriatrics
Branch of medicine concerned with healthcare of the elderly
What is senescence
The process by which a cell loses its ability to divide, grow and function
Bernice neugarten age range for young old
65-74
Bernice neugarten age range for older old
75-84
Bernice neugarten age range for oldest old
85+
Baby boomer years of birth range
1946-1964
There are currently _____ people over 65 making up ___% of population
40.4 million and 13.1%
By the year ____ the proportion of the U.S. Population aged 65+ will double to about _____
2030, 89 million
Mortality risk reflects
Health and disease
A measure of mortality is
Crude death rate
The current US life expectancy is
79.2 years
By age 85 women’s life expectancy exceeds that of men by-___ year
1
Leading cause of death in elderly at 27%
Heart disease
2-5 top causes of death in those over 65
Cancer, respiratory disease, stroke, Alzheimer’s
Amount that have severe disability in those over 65
1 in 4
In 2012 how many people were there over the age of 85
5.8 million
At age 85 and older the female to male ratio is
5:2
Components of a continuing care retirement communities
Active adults, health care costs covered, access to assistive services
Which I two types of living situations have 24/7staff
Assisted living and nursing home
What is the initial enrollment period for Medicare (IEP)
The few month period you have to sign up for Medicare
What is the dependency/support ratio?
The number of working age adults to older adults receiving government support
What is the current dependency ratio
5
What is the dependency ratio expected to be in 2050
Just under 3
__% of those 65-74 and __% of those over 75 have no physical activity in their leisure time
38 and 55
Over ___% of those over 65 are overweight or obese
25
Less than __% of those over 65 are engaged in physical activity
6
The lawsuit for jimmo vs Sibelius was filed on
January 18 2011
What was the outcome of jimmo vs Sebelius
Coverage cannot be denied based on absence of potential improvement
What is health literacy
The degree to which individuals have the capacity to obtain, process and understand basic health information
Most health information is at what reading level
10th grade
2 in 5 older adults are at a reading level of
Below fifth
How many theories of aging are there
Over 300
What are the to primary groups on theories of aging
Non genetic or stochastic theories and genetic/ fundamentalist or development / wear and tear
The most prominent group of aging theories is
Stochastic theories
The non genetic theory group believes aging is caused by
Environmental insults, extrinsic factors
The genetic group theories believe that aging is caused by
Pathological decrements that are tissue specific, intrinsic factors
Somatic mutation theory
A stochastic theory in which mutations or genetic damage result from radiation and these accumulate and create functional failure and death
What is the error catastrophe theory of aging
A stochastic theory in which any accident or error in either the machinery or process of making proteins would cascade in multiple effects that would be incompatible with proper function and life
What is the free radical theory
A genetic theory that says aging changes are due to damage caused by free radicals
What is the hay flick limit theory
A genetic theory that there is a limited amount of cell population doublings
The hay flick limit stops at this number
50
What is the hormonal imbalance -growth factor exposure theory
Too much growth hormone and not enough insulin leading to less healthy and shorter life
What were the implications of the genome project
That there is a strong relationship between genetic influences and longevity
The progress of cell culture aging models says that development of diseases in elderly is due to
Dysregulation of non traumatic and non inflammatory apoptosis
Erickson 8 stages of ego development: which one pertains to elderly
Integrity vs despair
Looking for new meaning beyond previous roles
Ego differentiation vs work role preoccupation
Learning new ways to transcend physical discomfort
Body transcendence vs body preoccupation
Leaving and enduring legacy
Ego transcendence vs ego preoccupation
What is the disengagement theory
Withdrawal is characterized by a positive change in psychological well being for the older person
What are the phases of grief
Denial/isolation, anger, depression, acceptance
Harpers 5 stages HCP for care of the dying patient
Intellectualization, emotional survival, depression, emotional arrival and deep compassion
What is the legal definition of abuse
Intentionally inflicting or allowing someone else to inflict bodily injury or pain
Most common type of abuse
Neglect
What is neglect abuse
Failure to provide goods, services or care necessary to maintain health
What is exploitation abuse
Seeking financial or material gain
WhT is psychological abuse
Verbal harassment, intimidation, denigration and isolation
