Moduke 6 Flashcards
How do you calculate cardiac out out
hR x Sv
Oxygen consumption is directly lrealted to
Intensity
Ionotropic =
Affects force of heart contractions
Chronotropic effects
hR
The three most recognizable signs of heart failure are
Dyspnea, fatigue and peripheral edema
S3 is produced when
During early ventricular filling when blood volume enters a non compliant or stiff ventricle
Low resting SBP with increased hr may indicate
Dehydration, hypovolemia, or even anemia and is common after surgey
Peripheral edema scale 1
Barely perceptible depression
Peripheral edema score 2
Easily identified and rebounds in less than 15 seconds
Peripheral edema score 3
Easily identified and rebounds 15-30 seconds
Peripheral edema score 4
Rebounds in greater than 30 seconds
How do You asses diastolic function of the right ventricle
Degree of putting in LE edema, jugular vein distention and external jugular vein prominence
How do you assess diastolic dysfunction of the left ventricle
Listen for rales, consistent with lung edema, low pitched heart sound S3, non productive cough its high pitched wheezing
Systolic function assessment
Festive and decreased activity tolerance
Signs and symptoms of left ventricular failure
Dyspnea, dry cough, dizziness, decreased exercise tolerance, tachycardia, muscle weakness and renal changes, fluid retention, pallor, cyanosis and crackles in lungs
Signs and symptoms for right ventricular failure
Peripheral edema, jugular vein distention. Decreassed exercise tolerance, fatigue, cyanosis, liver engoregment, anorexia or weight gain
Grade one angina
Light discomfort
Grade two angina
Light to moderate discomfort
Grade Three angina
Moderate to severe discomfort
Grade four angina
Severe discomfort
Orthodontic hypotension SBP and dbp
Decrease of SBP of equal to or more than 20 and DBP decrease of equal to or more than 10
Orthodontic hypotension occurs within __ minutes of standing
3
What is acute thrombophlebitis
Acute inflammatory condition with occlusion of superficial or deep vein by thrombosis
SVT
Inflammation along length of veins
DVT
Painful and tender extremity, slight fever, tight feeling and warmth, possible tachycardia, distended veins
Pulmonary embolism is
When a DVT embolisms to pulmonary artery
Peripheral artery disease scale is on a scale of
1-5
ABPI value of ___ indicates severe peripheral edema
1.3
Depression is a risk factor for
Heart disease
Post one year risk of CHD after quitting is reduced by
Half
Post __years the risk of CHD after quitting is same as non smokers
15
What is Pancoast’s tumor
Tumor occurring in apex or periphery of lung that is most prevalent in smokers around age 60
Pain distribution of Pancoast’s tumor
Severe shoulder pain radiating to Avila or scapula, along ulnar border of upper arm, atrophy of hand and arm, obstruction of subclavian vein resulting in edema of upper arm
What is the most common cause of small cell lung cancer
Smoking
What is tidal volume
The amount of air expired or inspired during quiet breathing
What is inspiratory reserve volume
The am,punt of air inhaled inspired above tidal volume
What is expiration reserve volume
The amount of air expired lower than tidal volume
What is residual volume
The amount of air in lungs after max exhalation
Diagnose COPD with
Fev 1/FVC
What is fev 1
Amount of air which can be forcibly exhaled from lungs in first second of a forced exhalation
What is FVC
Exhale as hard as possible after taking deepest breath
Fev1/FVC value indicating COPD
Equal to or less than .7
