Module 1

Question 1

biological aging

Answer 1

physical changes that occur in the human body as one ages

Question 2

psychological aging

Answer 2

the changes in cognitive abilities adaptive capacities and personality as one ages

Question 3

social aging

Answer 3

changes to roles and relationships with family, friends and other informal supports as we age

Question 4

chronological age

Answer 4

age is defined based on a set chronological age at which a person is considered old

Question 5

social roles, functional age, and subjective age

Answer 5

social roles: age is defined by the social role we play
functional age: age is defined based on the a persons functional capacities and appearance
subjective age: age is defined based on the persons subjective perception of their age

Question 6

three chronological age sub categories

Answer 6

young-old: 65-74
middle-old: 75-84
oldest old: 85+

Question 7

successful aging

Answer 7

attainment of peak physical and psychological functioning in old age and continued participation in social and productive activities

Question 8

critiques of successful aging

Answer 8

unrealistic portrayals of age
failure to account for the multidimensional nature of successful aging
ignoring the subjective experiences of older adults
promotion of individualism, ageism, ableism, neoliberalism, and values moral judgments

Question 9

age cohorts

Answer 9

swing generation: 1900-1926
silent generation: 1927-1945
baby boomers: 1946-1965
baby bust cohort: 1965-1976
echo boomers: 1977-1995
millennials: 1995-2006

Question 10

ageism

Answer 10

refers to a set of beliefs about older adults that result in
- discrimination based on age
negative stereotyping of older adults
- internalized ageism: refers to when older adults themselves begin to accept these negative stereotypes and views as part of their self concept

Question 11

examples of ageism

Answer 11

○ Older adults being less likely to receive screenings/medical treatments than younger people
○ Older adults being ignored or not taken seriously
○ Jokes about a perons age
○ Being denied a job based on your age
○ Older adults being seen as being unfit to make decsions because of their age
Talking to older adults as if they are children

Question 12

demography and population aging

Answer 12

Demography: the study of populations and their characteristics
Population pyramids: bar charts used by demogrpahers to visually represent the age and sex of a population

Question 13

demographic transition

Answer 13

1. High mortality and fertility
2. Declining mortality and population growth
3. Population aging: low fertility and mortlaity rates

Question 14

changing age structures in north america

Answer 14

Fertility: declining rates since the 70s
Mortlaity: signhant declies in 20th cenutry due to improved medical care and health
Immigration: cotinued steady stream of immigrants

Question 15

life expectancy span and sex ratio

Answer 15

• Life expectancy: the average number of years a person in a population can expect to live
  
  • In canada life expectancy is 83 for women and 79 for men
  • Life span: greatest number of years a member of a species can survive
  • Human life span beleoved to be around 120
  • Sex ratio: refers to the number of males to every 100 females
  • Dependancy ratios: measures the number of dependants to the number of working age adults
  • Eldery dependancy ratio: rate of older adults to adlts
  • Child dependancy ratio: ratio of children to adults
  • Total dependancy ratio: combined ratio of older adults and children to adults