Moduel 1 Flashcards
Culture
Shared patterns of values and learned behaviours transmitted socially overtime that distinguish the members of one group from another
Includes using language art forms and games to communicate with others establishing birth and death practises rearing children developing unique interpretations about the world forming organizations and making saving using and changing tools
Subculture
Is a group of persons within a larger culture of the same age Socio economic level ethnic origin education or occupation or with the same goals who have a unique identity but are related to the total culture in certain ways
Examples are ethnic family religious regional and socioeconomic
Ethnic
Pertains to a group of people distinguished from other people by race or nationality that possesses common physical and mental traits as a result of hereditary cultural traditions language or speech customs and common history
Example of a European ethnic subculture could be Slovakian (German Italian Polish or Slavic) Or Scandinavian (Danish Norwegian Icelandic finish or Swedish)
Cultural competence
Is the ability of a healthcare provider agency or system to respond to the unique trends of a population who is cultures are different from that of mainstream or dominant society
An educational process that includes self-awareness, cultural knowledge and the ability to develop working relationships across lines of difference, to be flexible and to use intercultural communication skills
(preservation of culture, accommodation to culture and repatterning [reorginizing different attributes of culture to new patterns of care])
Ethnicity
refers to identity with a particular racial, national, or cultural group and observance of that group’s customs, beliefs, and language.
Mores
morally binding attitudes or folkways (Practices, customs, or beliefs shared by the members of a group as part of their common culture) of central importance accepted without question and embodying the fundamental moral views of a group.
Customs
long-established practices having the force of unwritten laws.
Acculturation
the process of change occurring as a result of contact between cultural groups (a minority group’s adoption of the larger groups cultural mores).
Ethnocentrism
behaviour based on the belief that one’s own culture is superior, and, the tendency to evaluate other culture’s through the filter of one’s own culture, resulting in evaluating other cultures less favourably than one’s own culture.
Culture shock
on exposure to another culture, this is: feelings of bewilderment, confusion, disorganization, frustration and stupidity, and the inability to adapt to differences , word meanings, activities, use of time, and customs that are part of a culture different from one’s own.
Pluralistic society
a form of society in which members of minority groups maintain their independent cultural traditions [Canada is viewed as an example].
Identify and explain characteristics of culture
Culture Is Learned:
- the child learns to assume certain roles,
- behaviours and values are learned through transmission from one generation to the next
Culture is Stable but Changing:
- stabilizing aspect is traditions and nd group pressure
- stabilizing aspect is language even though meanings of words can change over time. Dialects re related to racial and ethnic, geographical regions
- cultural and language dif can have signif impact on miscommunication misdiagnosis and inappropriate treatment
Culture has Components and Patterns:
- these are influenced by addition to climate, geography, use of natural resources, diet, genetic factors, health practises, etc.
- Componets of culture can inlcude: belief system({they might have an ethic code, or taboos). Transportation (how they get good and services. do they only walk or bus? Do they have an ox and cart in the colonies, etc.)
Discuss the possible impact of cultural variations on health maintenance, health promotion [please see powerpoint slides on health promotion], and nursing care. Consider:
o Minority group membership
o Indigenous status
o Health status of immigrants
o Culture-based value systems and prejudice
o The three principles for client therapy goals that provide direction to culturally competent health care providers
o The social determinants of health [see powerpoints on website as well]
.
The four key responsibilities for culturally competent practice established by the CAN [Canadian Nurses’ Association]
- Self Assessment: Understand your own personal attitudes and values in health to appreatchiate and understand others
- Cultural Knowledge: the true understanding of other’s health beliefs and values that can affect their responces to personal events (birthing, death/dying, traditional therapies [smudging])
- Verbal and Non-Verbal Communication: Use techniniques like listening, respecting, empathizing and being open
- Partnerships amoung clininets/providers/funding: It can be necessary to develop ways that incorporate culturally diverse practices into health care services to optimize clients health outcomes
Define and understand the difference between Egocentric, Homocentric and Ecocentric approaches to healthcare.
EGOcentric: Is grounded in the person and is based on the assumption that what is good for the individual is good for society. Is mechanistic. The environment is defined in relation to the individual person
Homocentric: Is grounded in society and reflects the utilitarian ethic of the greatest good for the greatest number of people. Social justice not individual progress is key. Public health nurses use epidemiology in diagnosing planning treating and evaluating community health problems epidemiology is considered homocentric because of its emphasis on the health of populations rather than the individual.
ECOcentric: Is grounded in the cosmos and the environment is considered whole living and interconnected. Thinks everything is connected to one another and that the whole is greater than the sum of its parts.
evolution of consciousness, self-transcendence, open systems, harmony, the relativity of time and space, pattern and holism. Meaning is dependent on context. Open systems are the dynamic and continuous interactions between the person in the world and are essential for the evolution of human consciousness. The environment is alive whole interconnected and interacting. The problem is it’s hard to justify when a non-human has value. Humans would use the last resource or species if it meant our survival.
