Models of Assessment in Social Work

Question 1

Social Work Assessment:

Answer 1

• An ongoing process to understand people in environment.

- The basis for planning what needs to be done to bring about change in the person, the environment or both.

Question 2

Some assessment models and approaches:

Answer 2

• A problem-solving model
• A solution-focused model
• A generalist practice model
• A task-centred model
• A person-centred model
• A strengths-based approach
• An empowerment practice approach
• A holistic assessment model

Question 3

Problem-solving model:

Answer 3

• Traditional practice model based on the notion that many people do not have the appropriate skills to manage or resolve certain dilemmas. Thus, the practitioner as an expert should help them.
• The problem is defined, assessed, and a strategy is formulated and implemented. The outcome is then evaluated.

Question 4

Solution-focused model:

Answer 4

• The solution-focused approach is a form of brief social work. The focus is on creating solutions rather than examining problems.
• The social constructionist view- people construct their own realist and know the solutions to their problems.
• The social worker focuses on seeing where the clients want to go.
• The client can have an opportunity to look for previous solutions, strengths, resources and possibilities.

Question 5

Generalist practice model:

Answer 5

• The generalist social worker has an eclectic theoretical base- guiding planned change with a generic set of assessment, planning and intervention skills.

Question 6

Task-centred model:

Answer 6

• This model focuses on working closely with clients to establish distinct and achievable goals in a short-term period.
• The social worker and client reach an explicit agreement on the particular problems.
• These problems are then resolved in a planned and structured manner in a limited intervention.

Question 7

A person-centred model

Answer 7

An empathetic, nondirective approach that motivates the client in the social work process.

• Every human being strives for and has the capacity to fulfil his or her own potential.
• The client is at the centre of life decisions.
• Model provides insights into personal strengths, weaknesses, resources, etc.

e.g. strengths perspective/empowerment approach.

Question 8

Strengths-based approach:

Answer 8

A paradigmatic shift away from problem-focused approaches to strengths-based social work practice.

• Focuses on strengths, coping mechanisms, and personal resources.
• Assumed expertise of client’s knowledge and capabilities.

Question 9

Empowerment practice approach:

Answer 9

- Empowerment as a method to help 
clients develop the knowledge, skills, 
attitudes and degree of self-awareness.
- Both personal and structural 
dimensions through multilevel 
interventions within a certain 
community. 
- Especially crucial when working with 
vulnerable populations