Model Species and Inheritance Review

Question 1

What are the three features of model species?

Answer 1

1. Extensively studied in research labs.
2. Used to address a question (evolution, disease, cellular function).
3. Knowledge is applied to other organisms.

Question 2

What is a common amphibian model species?

Answer 2

Xenopus

Question 3

What is a common fish model species?

Answer 3

Zebrafish

Question 4

What is a common plant model species?`

Answer 4

Arabidopsis

Question 5

Three reasons why mice are good model organisms?

Answer 5

1. Historical precedent
2. Easy to breed/maintain
3. It’s a mammal like humans.

Question 6

What are two limitations of mouse models?

Answer 6

1. It isn’t human - treatment and disease progression may be completely different.
2. Large loci differences between humans and mice.

Question 7

What process at the histone tails opens up nucleosomes for transcription?

Answer 7

Acetylation

Question 8

What does a ‘+’ next to an allele mean?

Answer 8

A ‘+’ refers to the wild-type or dominant allele.

Question 9

What is the main difference in offspring between asexual and sexual reproduction?

Answer 9

Asexual produces genetic clones, sexual produces genetic combinations.

Question 10

Mendel’s work rejected ‘blended’ inheritance in favour of what theory?

Answer 10

Particulate inheritance.

Question 11

What is Mendel’s first law?

Answer 11

Diploids have two alleles which segregate into gametes, so that one allele is inherited from each parent.

Question 12

What is Mendel’s second law?

Answer 12

For two genes, the pairs of alleles assort independently into gametes.