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NPTE > Modalities > Flashcards

Modalities Flashcards

1
Q

Physiological effects of heat application

A

Increased:
-CO
-Vasodilation
-HR
-RR
-Metabolic rate

Decreased:
-Muscle activity
-BP
-Blood flow to resting mm
-SV

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2
Q

Physiological effects of cold application

A

Increased:
-Joint stiffness
-P! threshold
-Muscle activity

Decreased:
-Collagen extensibility
-Blood flow
-Spasticity
-NCV

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3
Q

Hot pack treatment parameters

A

Temp: 158-167 F
Duration: 20-30min (peak heat in first 5min)

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4
Q

Cold pack treatment parameters

A

Temp: 25 F
Duration: 10-20min

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5
Q

Stages of cold

A

CBAN:
1. Cold
2. Burning
3. Aching
4. Numb

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6
Q

Contraindications to superficial thermal

A

-Arterial disease
-Bleeding
-Area of poor circulation
-Area of malignancy
-Thrombophlebitis
-Impaired sensation
-Impaired cognition
-Infrared irradiation of eyes

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7
Q

Contraindications to superficial cryo

A

Conditions causing cold intolerance:
-Raynaud’s
-Cold hypersensitivity
-Cryoglobulinemia
-Paroxysmal cold hemoglobinuria

Other:
-Over-regenerating peripheral N
-Poor circulation

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8
Q

E-Stim for mm strengthening: frequency

A

35-80pps

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9
Q

E-Stim for mm strengthening: pulse duration

A

Small muscles = 150-200us
Large muscles = 200-350us

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10
Q

E-Stim for mm strengthening: amplitude

A

Injured = 10% MVIC
Uninjured = 50% MVIC

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11
Q

E-Stim for mm strengthening: times/durations

A

-On/off ratio = 1:5 (on 6-10s, off 50-120s)
-Ramp time >2s.
-Treatment time = 10-20min or 10-20 reps.

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12
Q

HVPC is used for…

A

Wound healing.

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13
Q

HVPC positive vs. negative polarity indications

A

-Negative: healing inflamed or infected wounds.
-Positive: healing wounds w/o inflammation (proliferative phase).

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14
Q

HVPC frequency, pulse duration, amplitude, & treatment time

A

Freq = 100-105pps
Pulse = 100us
Amp = comfortable tingle
Time = 45-60min

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15
Q

Iontophoresis ion & polarity for: scars

A

Iodine
Negative

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16
Q

Iontophoresis ion & polarity for: analgesic

A

-Sodium Salicylate (Negative)
-Lidocaine (Positive)

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17
Q

Iontophoresis ion & polarity for: calcium deposits

A

Acetic Acid
Negative

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18
Q

Iontophoresis ion & polarity for: MSK inflammation

A

Dexamethasone
Negative

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19
Q

Iontophoresis ion & polarity for: dermal ulcers

A

Zinc
Positive

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20
Q

Iontophoresis ion & polarity for: fungal infection

A

Copper
Positive

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21
Q

Iontophoresis ion & polarity for: edema

A

Hyaluronidase
Positive

22
Q

Iontophoresis ion & polarity for: muscle spasms

A

Calcium or Magnesium
Positive

23
Q

TENS type for acute pain

A

High rate (sensory stimulation)

24
Q

TENS types for motor stimulation

A

-Low rate (acupuncture-like)
-Brief intense

25
Q

TENS type for noxious

A

Hyperstimulation

26
Q

TENS High Rate: frequency, pulse duration, amplitude, & treatment time

A

Freq = 100pps
Pulse = 50-100us
Amplitude = comfortable tingle
Tx = 20-30min

27
Q

TENS Low Rate: frequency, pulse duration, amplitude, & treatment time

A

Freq = <10pps
Pulse = >150us
Amplitude = visible twitch
Tx = 20-45min

28
Q

TENS Brief Intense: frequency, pulse duration, amplitude, & treatment time

A

Freq = 100pps
Pulse = >150us
Amplitude = strong twitch
Tx = <15min

29
Q

TENS Hyperstimulation: frequency, pulse duration, amplitude, & treatment time

A

Freq (high) = 100pps
Freq (low) = 1-5pps
Pulse = >250us
Amplitude = highest tolerance
Tx = 30-60sec

30
Q

Waveforms for High Rate, Low Rate, & Brief Intense

A

-Pulsed monophasic
-Pulsed biphasic

31
Q

Waveforms for Hyperstimulation

A

-Monophasic
-DC

32
Q

Ultrasound duty cycle equation

A

On time / (On time + Off time)

33
Q

Thermal US indications

A

-Soft tissue shortening
-Pain

34
Q

Non-Thermal US indications

A

-Delayed healing
-Inflammation

35
Q

Thermal US duty cycle

36
Q

Non-Thermal US duty cycle

37
Q

US frequency if depth of problem is 1-2cm

38
Q

US frequency if depth of problem is 3-5cm

39
Q

US intensity if using 3MHz

40
Q

US intensity if using 1MHz

A

1.5-2 W/cm2

41
Q

US for acute problems: ideal intensity? Pulsed or continuous?

A

<1 W/cm2
Pulsed

42
Q

US for chronic problems: ideal intensity? Pulsed or continuous?

A

> 1 W/cm2
Continuous

43
Q

EMG sensitivity & electrode placement for muscle relaxation

A

Low sensitivity
Close together electrodes

44
Q

EMG sensitivity & electrode placement for muscle re-education

A

High sensitivity
Far apart electrodes

45
Q

Lumbar traction: supine is best for?

A

Intervertebral joints
Facet joints
Mm elongation

46
Q

Lumbar traction: prone is best for?

A

Posterior disc herniation

47
Q

Lumbar traction: position to increase intervertebral space between L5-S1

A

45-60 hip flex

48
Q

Lumbar traction: position to increase intervertebral space between L3-L4

A

75-90 hip flex

49
Q

Lumbar traction: when to use 25% BW?

A

Disc protrusion
Mm spasm
Mm elongation

50
Q

Lumbar traction: when to use 50% BW?

A

Joint distraction

51
Q

Traction contraindications

A

-Immobilization
-Acute injury
-Acute inflammation
-Joint hypermobility or instability
-Peripheralization of symptoms with traction
-Uncontrolled HTN

NPTE (28 decks)

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