Mod 9 W&H chap 7

Question 1

sometimes called a saline lock; small volumes of fluid or medication administered over 15 mins - 2 hours by IV push or infusion through the resealable diaphragm

Answer 1

intermittent device

Question 2

large volume infusion of solution typically 250 -1,000mL, administered over 2-24hours; delivered in mL; this infusion is kept running constantly until order is discontinued

Answer 2

Continuous infusion

Question 3

infused over a short period of time; may be done as an intermittent infusion; antibiotics (secondary) infusion is to be hung higher than primary solution

Answer 3

piggyback/secondary infusion

Question 4

what solution is used for maintaining peripheral intermittent devices?

Answer 4

sodium chloride

Question 5

what solution is recommended for flushing central venous access devices?

Answer 5

Heparin, an anticoagulant (remember—heparin is a medication and may be incompatible with other medications. check institutions policy for guidelines)

Question 6

? ? must be maintained in the lumen of the cannula during the administration of the flush solution to prevent a back flow of blood into the cannula lumen.

Answer 6

Positive pressure

Question 7

medication is injected slowly via a syringe into an IVsite or tubing port. provides a rapid effect. Sometimes referred to as a “bolus”

Answer 7

IV push (IVP)

Question 8

solution is positioned about 3 feet above infusion site; flow is controlled with a roller, screw, or slide clamp

Answer 8

Gravity drip

Question 9

what are the typical drip rates used

Answer 9

10, 15, 20, or 60 drops per milliliter of fluid

Question 10

sets delivering 10, 15, or 20 drops per milliliter are called? Used for fluids that need to be infused more quickly.

Answer 10

macrodrop sets

Question 11

used for solutions that need to be infused more slowly. 60gtts/mL

Answer 11

Microdrop or minidrop sets

Question 12

To determine drops per min of an iv solution, the nurse needs to know ?

Answer 12

the amount of fluid to be given in a specified time interval and the drop factor of the administration set to be used.

Question 13

the flow rate increases as..

Answer 13

the distance between the solution and the pt increases.

Question 14

what is the ideal height for a solution?

Answer 14

3 feet about the level of the pts heart

Question 15

clot formation can result from…

Answer 15

irritation, increased venous pressure, or backup of blood into the line.

Question 16

why do you NEVER want to exert pressure with a saline or heparin flush in an attempt to restore latency

Answer 16

doing so may dislodge a clot into the vascular system or rupture the cannula

Question 17

regulate the rate of infusion, measure the amount of solution delivered and depend on gravity to deliver the infusion.

Answer 17

Mechanical controllers

Question 18

use positive pressure to deliver the solution

Answer 18

electronic infusion devices

Question 19

what kind of filters remove bacteria, fungi, particulate matter, air and some endotoxins from IV fluids

Answer 19

Inline filters ( the INS standards favor this filter)

Question 20

0.22 micron filter

Answer 20

removes bacteria and fungi from IV fluids

Question 21

blood infusion requires a ? micron filter

Answer 21

170 micron filter which is built into the Y-administartion set.

Question 22

? ? filters are available for blood administration sets when concern for febrile reactions to leukocytes is anticipated.

Answer 22

Leukocyte depleting filters

Question 23

? and ? administered intravenously pass directly into the plasma space of the extracellular fluid compartment.

Answer 23

Fluids and Electrolytes

Question 24

aka crystalloid solutions

Answer 24

most commonly infused fluids which are dextrose and sodium solutions

Question 25

provides carbs in a readily usable form.

Answer 25

Dextrose