Mod 6 Flashcards
Hypofunction
Inadequate amount of hormone
Hyperfunction
Excessive amount of hormone
What are the three levels of dysfunction?
- Primary (Endocrine gland itself)
- Secondary (Abnormal pituitary activity)
- Tertiary (Dysfunction of hypothalamic origin)
Endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs)
Chemical in environment that can alter endogenous hormone functions
Goiter
Enlargement of the thyroid
Hormone deficiency
Gland destruction (Autoimmune, infection, tumor, inflammation, infarction)
EX. Type 1 DM
Hormone Excess
Tumor growth, autoimmune, genetic mutation (grave’s dz)
Hormone resistance
Usually genetic (lack hormone receptor or ability to respond) Ex. Type 2 DM
Neoplasia/Tumor
Hypofunction or hyperfunction of gland itself or any endocrine tissue the gland affects
Some cancers: paraneoplastic disorder in which cancer cells secrete hormone-like substances
Hypervolemia
Fluid overload
Myxedema
Adult severe hypothyroidism
Exophthalmos
Wide-eyed stare
(Grave’s DZ)
Hyperthyroidism
Hirsutism
Male pattern hair growth
amenorrhea
An abnormal absence of menstration
Polydipsia
Increase thirst
Polyuria
Increase urine
Glycogenesis
The process of glycogen formation
Glycogenolysis
Breakdown of glycogen to glucose
Polyphagia
Increased appetite
Lacunar infarcts
small infarcts in the brain due to occlusion of tiny blood vessels
(Transient Ischemic Attack)
Subarachnoid hemorrhage
Arterial branch in subarachnoid space ruptures
May be the result of head trauma or aneurysm rupture.
Hemorrhagic stroke
Anoxic encephalopathy
Lack of oxygen delivery causes decreased level of consciousness
(Hemorrhagic stroke)
Aneurysm rupture
Most common location: Circle of Willis
Hemiparesis
Weakness of extremities on one side of the body
Atonic
Weak or limp muscles
Clonic
Sustained rhythmical jerking
Myoclonus
Muscle twitching
Nonmotor symptom
“Absence seizures” (staring spells with no movement)
Aura
Sensation before a seizure
Ictal period
Time of seizure
Postictal
After seizure complete
-Person may be tired, confused, nauseated, may have amnesia
Interictal
If multiple seizures occur in short time, the time between seizures
Which disorder does the nurse recognize as being caused by an increase in the hormones that are secreted from the adrenal gland?
- Addison’s disease
- Hypothyroidism
- Diabetes insipidus
- Cushing’s syndrome *********
Which neurotransmitter is depleted in clients with Parkinson’s disease?
Dopamine
This is an autoimmune disease that attacks acetylcholine receptors in the neuron
Myasthenia Gravis
Which type of stroke do 85% of clients have?
Ischemia
Guillain-Barre Syndrome has been seen with clients after having COVID-19 infections. This disease is..
Acute-inflammation of demyelination of neurons
All of the following are associated to seizures in epilepsy except…
- Atonic
- Focal
- Aura
- Bilateral pain ********
