Mod 4-6 Spondylo Flashcards
What does spondylolysis refer to?
A cleft, or division, in the body of a vertebra between the superior and inferior articular processes or the pars interarticularis (neck of scotty dog) WITHOUT DISPLACEMENT OF THE VERTEBRAL BODY.
What is the definition and etiology of spondylolisthesis?
The condition begins as a spondylolysis but progresses into a displacement of one vertebra over another.
*Forward displacement of one vertebral body over another caused by cleft in pars interarticularis.
What must be present for spondylolisthesis to occur?
Spondylolysis
What percentage of the population has spondylolysis as a result of a developmental anomaly?
5%
What is not often the cause of spondylolysis?
Trauma, however a fracture in teh area can occur as a result of chronic stress. This type of fracture may not heal because of the repeated stress and thus a non-union may be mistaken for a developmental spondylolysis.
What is the primary cause of spondylolisthesis?
Spine degeneration or sports injury.
Who has an uncommonly high incidence of spondylolisthesis?
Gymnasts, linebackers, high jumpers, tennis players and weight lifters.
Both types of spondo commonly involve what vertebra?
L4 or L5
What are the clinical manifestations of spondylolysis and spondylolisthesis?
- Similar to herniated disk
- Severe acute, chronic or recurring low back pain and leg pain
- Sciatica
- Muscle spasm
Spondylolysis, the “break” in the scotty dog’s neck (pars interarticularis), is best demonstrated in what projection of the LSpine?
Oblique projections
*Lateral projection is also useful
How is spondo seen radiographically?
Separation of the pars interarticularis from teh rest of the vertebra
What projection best demonstrates spondylolisthesis?
True lateral
How many degrees (grades) of sublaxation are there for spondylolisthesis?
4 grades based on the degree of anterior displacement.
What is the radiographic effect of spondylo on technique?
There is none but positioning is important to provide clear and correct radiographic information.
What joints should be open on oblique projections of the lumbar spine?
Apophyseal articulations
