Mod 4

Question 1

process through which communities are helped to identify common problems or goals, mobilize resources, and in other ways develop and implement strategies for reaching their goals they have collectively set.

Answer 1

Community organizing

Question 2

a process in which local people, united by concern for renewing their own small territory, plan and act together from an organizational base that they control. It is practice that involves collective human effort centered on mobilization, advocating, planning, and the negotiation of resources.

Answer 2

place-based community organizing, Murphy and Cunningham (2003)

Question 3

the process which builds/mobilizes people and other community resources towards identifying and solving their own problems, establishing people’s self-awareness and capacities to stage their own future…taking action collectively considering the bureaucratic structure and restrictive institutional arrangements

Answer 3

community organization; Dacanay (1993)

Question 4

The characteristics of a community that affect their ability to identify, mobilize, address social health problems

Answer 4

Community capacity

Question 5

One in which individuals and organizations apply their skills and resources in collective effort to meet their respective needs

Answer 5

Empowered community

Question 6

Community organizing that starts where the people are and engages community members as equals

Answer 6

Participation and Relevance

Question 7

Relationships and structures within a community that promote cooperation for mutual benefit

Answer 7

Social capacity

Question 8

collective body of individuals identified by common characteristics such as geography, interests, experiences, concerns or values

Answer 8

community (in the context of community and public health)

Question 9

Communities are characterized by the following elements:

Answer 9

membership
common symbol systems
shared values and norms
mutual influence
shared need and commitment
shared emotional connection

Question 10

assumptions by Ross

Answer 10

1. Communities of people can develop the capacity to deal with their own problems.
2. People want to change and can change.
3. People should participate in making, adjusting, or controlling the major changes taking
   place within their communities.
4. Changes in community living that are self-imposed or self-developed have a meaning
   and permanence that imposed changes do not have.
5. A “holistic approach” can successfully address problems with which a “fragmented
   approach” cannot cope.
6. Democracy requires cooperative participation and action in the affairs of the community,
   and people must learn the skills that make this possible.
7. Frequently, communities of people need help in organizing to deal with their needs, just
   as many individuals require help in coping with their individual problem

Question 11

process and a method is based on certain basic principles, which serve as guidelines to sound or effective practice

Answer 11

Community organizing

Question 12

defines the lines according to which community organizing perspective must operate.

Answer 12

David (1982)

Question 13

three primary methods of community organization

Answer 13

locality development
social planning
social action

Question 14

based on the concept of broad self-help participation from the local community

process oriented

Answer 14

Locality development

Question 15

heavily task oriented, stressing rational-empirical problem-solving” and involves various levels of participation from many people and outside planners

Answer 15

Social planning

Question 16

“both task and process oriented”

has been useful in helping to organize disadvantaged segments of the population.

Answer 16

social action

Question 17

recognizes that a problem exists in a community and decides to do something about it

Answer 17

INITIAL ORGANIZER

Question 18

refers to the members of the community initiated the community organization.

Answer 18

GRASS ROOTS / CITIZEN INITIATED / ORGANIZED FROM BOTTOM UP

Question 19

community organization is initiated by individuals from outside the community

Answer 19

OUTSIDE IN / ORGANIZED FROM TOP DOWN

Question 20

most CRUCIAL step in the process. Here,
ORGANIZERS must study the community well

Answer 20

Gaining entry into the community

Question 21

backbone of the work force and will end up doing the majority of the work.

Answer 21

EXECUTIVE PEOPLE - CORE GROUP of community members

Question 22

Considerations on Recruitment of members:

Answer 22

(1) identify people who are impacted by the problem that they are trying to solve,
(2) provide “perks” for or otherwise reward volunteers,
(3) keep volunteer time short,
(4) match volunteer assignments with the abilities and expertise of the volunteers, and
(5) consider providing appropriate training to make sure volunteers are comfortable with their tasks.

Question 23

long-term alliance among a group of individuals representing diverse organizations, factors or constituencies within the community who agree to work together to achieve a common goal

Answer 23

COALITION

Question 24

larger group with more resources, people, and energy has a greater chance of solving a community problem than a smaller, less powerful group.

Answer 24

COALITION

Question 25

process by which data is collected and analyzed to identify concerns or problems of a community and furthermore prioritize these problems so that strategies can be created to tackle them

Answer 25

NEEDS ASSESMENT

Question 26

PRIMARY PURPOSE OF NEEDS ASSESMENT

Answer 26

determine whether the needs of the people are being met

Question 27

COMMUNITY HEALTH NEEDS ASSESSMENT is a process that:

Answer 27

A. Describes the health of the local people
B. Enables the identification of major risk factors and causes of ill-health
C. Enables identification of the action needed to address major risk

Question 28

analysis of the community assessment data should result in the identification of the problems to be addressed.

This prioritization is best achieved through general agreement or consensus of those who have been organized so that “ownership” can take hold.

Answer 28

Determining the Priorities and Setting Goals

Question 29

examine the alternatives in terms of probable outcomes, acceptability to the community, probable long and short-term effects on the community, and the cost of resources to solve the problem.

Answer 29

Arriving at a Solution and Selecting Intervention Strategies

Question 30

Final Steps in the Community Organizing/Building Process

Answer 30

Implementing, Evaluating, Maintaining, and Looping Back

Question 31

any combination of planned learning experiences using evidence-based practices and/or sound theories that provide the opportunity to acquire knowledge, attitudes, and skills needed to adopt and maintain health behaviors

Answer 31

process of health education

Joint Committee on Health Education and Promotion Terminology

Question 32

any planned combination of educational, political, environmental, regulatory, or organizational mechanisms that support actions and conditions of living conducive to the health of individuals, groups, and communities.

Answer 32

health promotion

Joint Committee on Health Education and Promotion Terminology

Question 33

process in which an intervention is planned to help meet the needs of a specific group of people.

Answer 33

Program planning

Question 34

means by which structure and organization are given to the planning process.

Answer 34

Planning models

Question 35

Frequently used Planning models

Answer 35

PRECEDE/PROCEED model

Mobilizing Action through Planning and Partnerships (MAPP)

Intervention Mapping

CDCynergy

Social Marketing Assessment and Response Tool (SMART).

Question 36

quasi-step that allows program planners to gather answers to key
questions, which will help them understand the community and engage the priority population (audience), those whom the health promotion program is intended to serve.

Answer 36

Pre-planning