Mod 10 - End Of Life Flashcards
Concept that an individual’s relationship to death includes people, places, times, objects and symbols
Kastenbaum’s Death System
T/F most societies do NOT see death as an end of existence
True
Subconcept of death where all living functions cease
Non-functionality
Subconcept of death that once dead, cannot be brought back to life
Finality
Subconcept of death that all living things die
Universality
Subconcept of death that death only applies to living things
Applicability
Subconcept of death that the breakdown of bodily function has internal or external causes
Causation
200 years ago, how many children died before the age of 10?
1 in 2
200 years ago, how many parents typically died before the child grew up?
One
Where do 80% of US deaths occur?
Hospital or institution
T/F death is a process and doesn’t happen at one single point
True
Neurological death when all electrical activity of the brain cease for a period of time
Brain death
Irreversible cessation of activity in the brain and brain stem
Brain death
What are the 3 phases of death?
Agonal
Clinical
Mortality
Phase of death, characterized by rattled, breathing and gasping
Agonal phase
Phase of death, in which heartbeat circulation, breathing and brain function stop but resuscitation is still possible
Clinical death
Phase of death that is permanent and resuscitation is not possible
Mortality
The act of painlessly ending the lives of individual suffering
Euthanasia
Type of euthanasia where treatment is withheld (eg: remove life support)
Passive
Type of euthanasia, when death is deliberately induced (eg: give high dose of morphine)
Active
A process that requires the patient to self administer lethal medication
Assisted suicide
The process in which patients think about, and communicate their preferences about end of life care
Advanced care planning
A legal document that reflects the patient’s advance care planning
Living Will
A document, such as a Living Will that indicates whether or not life-sustaining procedures should be used
Advance directive
A more specific document that translates treatment preferences into medical orders
Physician orders for life-sustaining treatment (POLST)
Program committed to making end of life free from pain when death is imminent
Hospice
Care plan to reduce pain and suffering; may happen in conjunction with treatment for illness
Palliative care
Leading cause of infant death
SIDS
Most common cause of death in childhood
Accident or illness
Most common cause of death and adolescents and young adults
Motor vehicle accidents, suicide and homicide
Most common cause of death for middle age and older
Cancer and cardiovascular disease
How many Americans die in hospitals?
50%
How many Americans died in nursing homes
20%
At what age can children understand that death is irreversible
4-5
Around what age do many children develop a realistic, an accurate perception of death
6
What is the best strategy and discussing death with children?
Honesty
What age group fears death more than others 
Middle-aged adults
Who has a greater fear regarding death across the lifespan
Women
T/F: personality will impact relationship with death
True
What are the Kubler Ross stages of dying?
Denial
Anger
Bargaining
Depression
Acceptance
(DABDA)
T/F psychologist, believe it is best for dying individuals to know they are dying
True
As a healthcare provider, what are four things that can help a dying patient
Truthfulness
Relax
Realistic hope
Touch
The emotional numbness disbelief, anxiety, despair, sadness, and loneliness of losing someone loved
Grief
Are cognitive factors involved in the severity of grief
Yes
Grief that involves enduring despair, and remains unresolved over an extended period of time
Prolonged grief disorder
Grief involving a deceased person who cannot be openly mourned
Disenfranchised grief
A model of coping with bereavement that emphasizes oscillation between two main dimensions
Dual process
Coping that focuses on the deceased individual; the positive and negative appraisal of the loss
Loss-oriented
Model of coping that focuses on change of identity (wife to widow) and need to develop new skills (paying bills)
Restoration oriented
Women are _______ times more likely to be widowed than men
Three
What is the risk of mortality after the death of a partner?
48% higher
If death of a partner is sudden, mortality increases for whom
Men
Grief, early death, financial loss, loneliness, physical and psychological disorders, increased, spirituality are effects of what?
Losing a partner
Seeking a reason for death and assigning blame
Sense making
Focusing on doing good after a person’s death (start a charity)
Benefit finding
Reminiscing after a persons death
Continue bonds
Percentage of people in the US, who elect to be cremated
50%
