Mod 1 Farm (Words + Abbreviations) Flashcards

1
Q

What is pharmacokinetics?

A

How the drug concentrations change over time as they are moved through the body

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2
Q

What are the 4 principles to pharmacokinetics?

A

Absorption
Distribution
Metabolism
Elimination

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3
Q

What does po stand for

A

Oral administration

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4
Q

What does sl stand for?

A

Sublingual absorption

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5
Q

What does pr stand for?

A

rectal administration

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6
Q

What is the difference between enteral and parenteral routes of absorption?

A

enteral is through GI tract
parenteral is outside GI tract

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7
Q

What is the abbreviation IM?

A

Intramuscular

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8
Q

What is the abbreviation IV?

A

Intravenous

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9
Q

What is the abbreviation IC?

A

Intracoronary

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10
Q

What is the abbreviation sc or sq?

A

subcutaneous

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11
Q

What type of molecules pass trough the cell membrane easily through passive diffusion

A

lipid soluble

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12
Q

Which types of molecules can only cross through aqueous channels with passive diffusion

A

H20 molecules

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13
Q

If a molecule cannot pass through lipid membrane or aqueous channels what does it need to pass?

A

A carrier protein or active transport

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14
Q

A molecule needs to be ____ soluble to pass through GI tract

A

H20

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15
Q

Why might a drug have an enteric coating? Where are enteric coatings are dissolved?

A

To avoid side effects in the stomach
small intestine

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16
Q

What type of drug is slowly absorbed

A

Sustained Release

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17
Q

What is bioavailability?

A

percent of drug that gets into systemic circulation

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18
Q

Drugs given through ___ will have a 1st pass. What is 1st pass?

A

GI
a % of the drug that is eliminated through gut or liver before it reaches systemic circulation

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19
Q

What kind of drug administration will have no 1st pass

A

IV

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20
Q

Where are drugs primarily stored and can serve as a reservoir?

A

Adipose tissue

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21
Q

What is the storage site for toxic agents like heavy metal and lead

A

bone

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22
Q

What organs may drugs be stored in?

A

liver and kidney

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23
Q

What organ does most of drug metabolism

A

the liver

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24
Q

Where are most drugs excreted from

A

kidneys

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25
Q

What is steady state

A
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26
Q

What is the difference between agonist and antagonist?

A

The agonist stimulate a receptor and enhances a physiological effect (has affinity and efficacy)
The antagonist inhibits a receptor and decreases physiological effect (has affinity, NO efficacy)

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27
Q

What is potency? What does it mean if a drug has a higher potency?

A

Potency is the amount of drug required to achieve an effect
If a drug is more potent, it can be given in a smaller dose to have same effect

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28
Q

ā

A

before

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29
Q

ac

A

before meals

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30
Q

bid

A

twice a day

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31
Q

cap

A

capsule

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32
Q

dil

A

dissolve/dilute

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33
Q

disp

A

dispense

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34
Q

g

A

gram

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35
Q

h

A

hour

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36
Q

hs

A

at bedtime

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37
Q

IA

A

intra-arterial

38
Q

IVBP

A

IV piggyback

39
Q

kg

A

kilogram

40
Q

mEq, meq

A

milliequivalent

41
Q

mg

A

milligram

42
Q

OD
OS/OL

A

right eye
left eye

43
Q

OTC

A

over the counter

44
Q

OU

A

both eyes

45
Q

p

A

after

46
Q

pc

A

after meals

47
Q

PO

A

by mouth

48
Q

prn

A

when needed

49
Q

q

A

every

50
Q

qam, om

A

every morning

51
Q

ad

A

every day (daily)

52
Q

qh, qh1

A

every hour

53
Q

q2h, q3h, etc

A

every 2 hour, every 3 hours, etc

54
Q

qhs

A

every night at bedtime

55
Q

qs

A

sufficient quantity

56
Q

rept

A

may be repeated

57
Q

Rx

A

Take

58
Q

Sig, S

A

label

59
Q

Sos

A

if needed

60
Q

stat

A

at once

61
Q

sup, supp

A

suppository

62
Q

susp

A

suspension

63
Q

tab

A

tablet

64
Q

tid

A

3x a day

65
Q

Tbsp, T
tsp

A

Tablespoon (15ml)
teaspoon (5ml)

66
Q

U

A

units

67
Q

deviating from the usual course (abnormal, atypical)

A

aberrant

68
Q

afebrile vs febrile

A

afebrile is not having a fever
febrile is feverish

69
Q

aggregation

A

clumping together

70
Q

a bulge in a blood vessel caused by a weakness in the blood vessel wall, usually where it branches

A

aneurysm

71
Q

automaticity

A

the capacity of a cell to generate an action potential spontaneously without an external stimulus

72
Q

c/o and CC

A

complains of
chief complaint

73
Q

influencing the rate especially of the heartbeat

A

chronotrope

74
Q

ectopic

A

occurring in an abnormal position
(think ectopic pregnancy)

75
Q

embolus vs thrombosis

A

E: moves through blood an gets caught in vessel and blocks
T: blood clot that forms in the spot that it obstructs

76
Q

HPI

A

history of present illness

77
Q

induced unintentionally by a physician or surgeon or by medical treatment or diagnostic procedures (think cutting a nerve accidentally in surgery)

A

iatrogenic

78
Q

intrathecal

A

given between thin layers that cover brain and spinal cord

79
Q

easily reactive to stimuli

A

irritable (think IBS)

80
Q

lack of blood supply to part of body

A

ischemic

81
Q

death of cell tissue

A

necrotic

82
Q

rapid deterioration in the kidney function due to toxic effect of medications and chemicals

A

nephrotoxic

83
Q

exposure to substances that can alter normal activity of CNS

A

neurotoxic

84
Q

can damage the ear, resulting in hearing loss, ringing in the ear, or balance disorders

A

Ototoxic

85
Q

perfusion

A

bathing an organ or tissue with fluid

86
Q

medical care of patients from the time of contemplation of surgery through the operative period to full recovery

A

perioperative

87
Q

after a meal

A

postprandial

88
Q

pyrexia

A

When your body temperature goes above 100.4 degrees Fahrenheit

89
Q

application to or action on the surface of a part of the body

A

Topical

90
Q

relating to, being, or supplying a medication in a form for absorption through the skin into the bloodstream

A

Transdermal