Mobility Flashcards
What is the term that refers to the position of the joints, tendons, ligaments, and muscles while standing, sitting and lying?
posture
What is the force that occurs in a direction to oppose movement?
friction
What is the force exerted against the skin while the skin remains stationary and the bony structures move?
shear
What are the 4 types of bone?
- long
- short
- flat
- irregular
What are the 3 characteristics of bone?
- firmness
- rigidity
- elasticity
What are the functions of the skeletal system?
- protects vital organs
- aids in calcium regulation
- bone marrow aids in RBC production
- provides structure for muscular system
What are the 4 classifications of joints?
- synostotic (ie pelvis)
- cartilaginous (ie sternocostal)
- fibrous (ie tibia-fibia)
- synovial (ie elbow)
What are white, shiny, flexible bands of fibrous tissue that binds joints together and connects bone and cartilages?
ligaments
What are white, glistening, fibrous bands of tissue that connect muscle to bone?
tendons
What is the term for the intervention that restricts patients to bed for therapeutic reasons?
bed rest
What are the 5 functions of the endocrine system?
- response to stress/injury
- growth and development
- reproduction
- maintenance of the internal environment
- energy production, use, and storage
How does immobility disrupt metabolic functioning?
-decreases metabolic rate; altering the metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and proteins; causing fluid, electrolyte and calcium imbalances; and causing GI disturbances.
What is the condition that occurs when the body excretes more nitrogen than it takes in?
negative nitrogen balance
What is the term for the inflammation of the lung from stasis or pooling of secretions?
hypostatic pneumonia
What are the 3 major changes to the CV system caused by immobilization?
- orthostatic hypotension
- increased cardiac workload
- thrombus formation
What is an accumulation of platelets, fibrin, clotting factors and cellular elements of the blood?
thrombus
Which 3 factors contribute to venous thrombus formation?
- damage to vessel wall
- alterations to blood flow
- alterations to blood constituents
What are the three factors that contribute to venous thrombus formation referred to as?
Virchow’s triad
What is an abnormal and possibly permanent condition characterized by fixation of a joint?
joint contracture
What is the term for when the foot is permanently fixed in plantar flexion?
footdrop
What is the condition in which the renal pelvis fills before urine enters the ureter?
urinary stasis
What are calcium stones that lodge in the renal pelvis or pass through the ureters?
renal calculi
What is an impairment in the skin as a result of prolonged ischemia in tissues?
pressure ulcer
What is the term for the maximum amount of movement available at a joint in one of the three planes?
Range of Motion (ROM)