MOBCOM Midterm Flashcards
What is the primary goal of User-Centered Design?
a) To make products look visually appealing
b) To focus on system functionality
c) To prioritize the needs and experiences of the end user
d) To create a one-size-fits-all design
To prioritize the needs and experiences of the end user
Who is credited with coining the term “User Experience”?
a) Steve Jobs
b) Don Norman
c) Bill Gates
d) Alan Turing
Don Norman
According to Steve Jobs, design is primarily about:
a) Aesthetic appeal
b) Functionality
c) Adding complex features
d) Creating a product manual
Functionality
What is usability in the context of HCI?
a) The ability of a product to be easily learned and used by its intended users
b) How visually appealing a product is
c) The study of computer hardware efficiency
d) None of the above
The ability of a product to be easily learned and used by its intended users
Which of the following is NOT a benefit of focusing on User Experience (UX)?
a) Increases customer satisfaction
b) Reduces development costs
c) Creates a uniform experience for all users
d) Improves return on investment (ROI)
Creates a uniform experience for all users
What does HCI stand for?
a) Human Communication Interaction
b) Human-Computer Interface
c) Human-Computer Interaction
d) Human-Centered Integration
Human-Computer Interaction
Which of the following is a tool used to express designs visually in UX design?
a) Flowcharts
b) Pseudocode
c) Wireframes
d) Source Code
Wireframes
Which of these is an advantage of using wireframes in UX design?
a) They require no team collaboration
b) They identify user interface issues quickly without coding
c) They provide a final, polished design
d) They are only useful for mobile applications
They identify user interface issues quickly without coding
A “user” in UX design is:
a) Always a person from the same demographic
b) The ideal customer imagined during product creation
c) Any individual who interacts with the product or system
d) The person who designed the product
Any individual who interacts with the product or system
User Experience (UX) influences which of the following aspects of a product?
a) Functionality and access
b) Marketing strategy
c) Financial management
d) Coding style
Functionality and access
Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) focuses on:
a) The efficiency of algorithms
b) The interaction between people and computer systems
c) Hardware advancements in computing
d) Enhancing backend programming
The interaction between people and computer systems
Which statement best describes User Experience (UX)?
a) It refers to the backend development of a product
b) It is the visual appeal of the product
c) It is the overall interaction and feelings a user has with a product
d) It’s solely about the technical capabilities of a product
It is the overall interaction and feelings a user has with a product
In HCI, what is one of the key challenges of defining a “user”?
a) There is no single user type; users vary widely in needs and preferences
b) Users typically have the same technological skills
c) All users follow a standardized design guideline
d) Users are usually involved in the coding process
There is no single user type; users vary widely in needs and preferences
- What is the purpose of usability testing in UX design?
a) To test the product’s coding efficiency
b) To assess the visual appeal of the product
c) To ensure that users can effectively use the product
d) To increase the speed of the development process
To ensure that users can effectively use the product
Which of these is a characteristic of a well-designed product?
a) Complicated user instructions
b) Difficult navigation paths
c) Intuitive and user-friendly interface
d) Complex interactions that require training
Intuitive and user-friendly interface
What does a “user-centered design approach” emphasize in the design process?
a) The technology and tools used in development
b) The goals and preferences of the end users
c) The preferences of the design team
d) The speed and cost of production
The goals and preferences of the end users
Which of the following is NOT typically a focus in UX design?
a) Interaction design
b) Hardware performance
c) Visual appeal
d) Accessibility
Hardware performance
Why is user feedback crucial in the UX design process?
a) It increases the aesthetic quality of the design
b) It reduces the cost of testing
c) It helps identify issues that affect usability
d) It limits the scope of development
It helps identify issues that affect usability
Which of the following is an example of human-computer interaction?
a) A user sending an email using a computer
b) A team designing a new algorithm
c) Two users talking over the phone
d) A developer creating a new software library
A user sending an email using a computer
What is a primary benefit of designing with HCI principles in mind?
a) Improved computational speed
b) Enhanced user satisfaction and usability
c) Reduced need for updates
d) Increased technical complexity
Enhanced user satisfaction and usability
Which of these is a direct outcome of focusing on UX in product development?
a) Reduced user engagement
b) Higher customer loyalty
c) Increased product complexity
d) Less time required for testing
Higher customer loyalty
“Paper Prototypes” are used in UX design because:
a) They are the final product
b) They allow designers to code quickly
c) They are a low-cost way to visualize ideas
d) They are created after the final design is complete
They are a low-cost way to visualize ideas
Which statement best describes “Wireframes”?
a) They are detailed, color-rendered designs
b) They are basic outlines of a product’s interface without final visuals
c) They are the final version of a product’s UI
d) They are only used for back-end programming
They are basic outlines of a product’s interface without final visuals
In UX, why is “accessibility” an essential factor to consider?
a) It allows only certain users to access the system
b) It ensures the product is usable by people with varying abilities
c) It limits the types of users who can use the system
d) It focuses on the aesthetic appeal of the interface
It ensures the product is usable by people with varying abilities
What does “functionality” refer to in the context of UX?
a) How quickly the product loads
b) How well the product meets user needs and performs tasks
c) The overall look and feel of the product
d) The cost of developing the product
How well the product meets user needs and performs tasks
Which of the following best defines the term “user interface” (UI)?
a) The appearance of a product’s packaging
b) The coding structure of a software application
c) The space where interactions between users and a product occur
d) The marketing strategy for a product
The space where interactions between users and a product occur
“Human-Computer Interaction” (HCI) is best described as:
a) The study of programming languages
b) The study of network security
c) The study of interactions between humans and computers
d) The study of hardware components
The study of interactions between humans and computers
The ultimate goal of UX design is to:
a) Increase sales through aggressive marketing
b) Create a seamless and satisfying experience for the user
c) Design software only for expert users
d) Develop highly complex features
Create a seamless and satisfying experience for the user
Which of these is NOT a common method used to evaluate UX?
a) Surveys and feedback forms
b) Code reviews
c) Usability testing
d) User observation
Code reviews
Which principle emphasizes making products easy and natural for users to learn?
a) Aesthetics
b) Accessibility
c) Usability
d) Coding efficiency
Usability
Who coined the term “User Experience”?
A) Steve Jobs
B) Don Norman
C) Alan Turing
D) Tim Berners-Lee
Don Norman
What is a primary goal of User Experience (UX) design?
A) To make products as complicated as possible
B) To ensure users find value and satisfaction
C) To focus solely on visual design
D) To eliminate the need for user feedback
To ensure users find value and satisfaction
What is a key principle of usability in UX design?
A) Complexity
B) Redundancy
C) Efficiency
D) Ambiguity
Efficiency
Which UX principle focuses on maintaining uniformity in design elements?
A) Usability
B) Clarity
C) Consistency
D) Flexibility
Consistency
In Human-Computer Interaction (HCI), what does “interaction” refer to?
A) Communication between humans and computers
B) Design of computer hardware
C) User training programs
D) Social media engagement
Communication between humans and computers
Which of the following is NOT a goal of usability?
A) Safe to use
B) Easy to learn
C) Complicated interface
D) Efficient to use
Complicated interface
What is the importance of user personas in UX design?
A) To generalize all users into one profile
B) To empathize with the audience and guide design decisions
C) To replace user testing
D) To limit research methods
To empathize with the audience and guide design decisions
What is the focus of Information Architecture (IA) in UX?
A) Organizing and labeling content for easy navigation
B) Developing computer hardware
C) Visual appeal
D) Avoiding user input
Organizing and labeling content for easy navigation
Which principle ensures users are informed about the outcomes of their actions?
A) Simplicity
B) Affordance
C) Feedback
D) Discoverability
Feedback
HCI primarily aims to create systems that are:
A) Complex and expensive
B) Easy to use and intuitive
C) Only usable by experts
D) Solely focused on aesthetics
Easy to use and intuitive
Which term describes the user’s overall interaction experience, including usability, accessibility, and satisfaction?
A) Visual Design
B) UI
C) UX
D) Interaction Design
UX
What is the main purpose of wireframing in UX design?
A) To finalize the color scheme
B) To outline functionality before visual design
C) To test the final product with users
D) To increase product costs
To outline functionality before visual design
Which of the following is an example of a bad design in HCI?
A) Simple ATM interface
B) Confusing parking signs
C) Clear website navigation
D) Easy-to-read fonts
Confusing parking signs
In the UX design process, what does user research help with?
A) Removing user feedback
B) Understanding user needs and preferences
C) Focusing only on aesthetics
D) Avoiding the creation of user personas
Understanding user needs and preferences
Which of the following is essential for interaction design in UX?
A) Unpredictable controls
B) Clear and intuitive user engagement
C) Increasing cognitive load
D) Limiting user accessibility
Clear and intuitive user engagement
What does the term “HCI” stand for?
A) Human-Controlled Interface
B) Human-Computer Interaction
C) Hardware Control Interaction
D) Human Collaboration Interface
Human-Computer Interaction
Why is visual design important in UX?
A) It is the only aspect of UX that matters
B) It affects user perception and engagement
C) It is purely decorative and not functional
D) It replaces usability and functionality
It affects user perception and engagement
What does “affordance” in UX design refer to?
A) The overall color scheme of a product
B) The ability of an element to suggest its function
C) The security of a product
D) Reducing the product’s cost
The ability of an element to suggest its function
Which UX principle emphasizes removing unnecessary complexity?
A) Simplicity and Clarity
B) Redundancy
C) Affordability
D) Flexibility
Simplicity and Clarity
What is the primary role of prototypes in the UX design process?
A) To finalize the design
B) To test interactions and gather user feedback
C) To remove user input
D) To increase development time
To test interactions and gather user feedback
Which field is NOT typically involved in Human-Computer Interaction?
A) Cognitive Psychology
B) Computer Science
C) Geology
D) Engineering
Geology
What does “HCI” prioritize in designing interfaces?
A) User needs and preferences
B) Developer preferences
C) Only aesthetic elements
D) Complexity of use
User needs and preferences
What is a key challenge in HCI?
A) Reducing system functionality
B) Designing interfaces without user feedback
C) Making technology accessible and effective for users
D) Ignoring usability testing
Making technology accessible and effective for users
Which is NOT a usability goal?
A) Safety
B) Learnability
C) Memorability
D) Cost-effectiveness
Cost-effectiveness
What is an essential aspect of user research in UX?
A) Gathering data on user needs, preferences, and pain points
B) Increasing the number of features
C) Avoiding user personas
D) Focusing only on functionality
Gathering data on user needs, preferences, and pain points
Which concept involves creating fictional representations of target users?
A) Wireframing
B) User Stories
C) Personas
D) Feedback Loops
Personas
Which of the following best defines Information Architecture (IA)?
A) The overall aesthetics of a product
B) The organization and labeling of content for navigation
C) The graphic elements used in an interface
D) The coding of the product
The organization and labeling of content for navigation
What is the primary difference between UI and UX?
A) UX is focused on design, while UI is focused on user needs
B) UI refers to the look, while UX refers to the overall user experience
C) UI is about usability, UX is about layout
D) UX is only concerned with color schemes
UI refers to the look, while UX refers to the overall user experience
Which of the following is a discipline that contributes to HCI?
A) Mechanical Engineering
B) Linguistics
C) Chemistry
D) Astronomy
Linguistics
What is the focus of Interaction Design?
A) Determining system colors
B) Designing controls that facilitate user engagement
C) Writing user guides
D) Removing accessibility features
Designing controls that facilitate user engagement
Which usability principle is demonstrated when a website shows a loading spinner?
A) Feedback
B) Simplicity
C) Affordance
D) Consistency
Feedback
Which of the following is considered an example of bad design in HCI?
A) Easy-to-read fonts on mobile devices
B) Clear layout with sufficient white space
C) Busy screens with ads and unclear navigation
D) Intuitive touchscreen controls
Busy screens with ads and unclear navigation
What does “memorability” refer to in UX usability goals?
A) Users can remember how to use the product easily
B) Users are required to memorize complex commands
C) The interface layout constantly changes
D) Users are required to complete training
Users can remember how to use the product easily
Which of the following statements is NOT true about UX design?
A) It focuses on enhancing user satisfaction
B) It ignores user feedback once a product is live
C) It encompasses usability, accessibility, and satisfaction
D) It involves user research to inform design decisions
It ignores user feedback once a product is live
What is “usability testing” in UX design?
A) Ensuring all aesthetic elements are finalized
B) Observing users interact with a prototype to improve the product
C) Removing unnecessary features
D) Focusing only on backend code quality
Observing users interact with a prototype to improve the product
Which of these is a usability goal aimed at reducing user errors?
A) Memorability
B) Safety
C) Cost-effectiveness
D) Aesthetics
Safety
In HCI, “user-centered design” involves:
A) Creating systems without user input
B) Focusing only on technology constraints
C) Involving users at every stage of the design process
D) Designing only for advanced users
Involving users at every stage of the design process
What is the primary purpose of feedback in an interface?
A) To inform the user about the result of their action
B) To limit user control
C) To increase complexity in design
D) To distract the user
To inform the user about the result of their action
Which of the following is NOT an example of feedback in UX?
A) A button changes color when clicked
B) An error message displays for incorrect input
C) Unlabeled navigation icons
D) A loading animation appears
Unlabeled navigation icons
Which of the following can reduce cognitive load in interface design?
A) Overloading the user with multiple features
B) Using consistent iconography and clear layout
C) Placing unrelated actions in random order
D) Hiding all navigation options
Using consistent iconography and clear layout
- What organization is responsible for standardizing ECMAScript?
A) IEEE
B) W3C
C) ISO
D) ECMA
ECMA
In what year was ECMAScript 1, the first standardized version of JavaScript, released?
A) 1995
B) 1996
C) 1997
D) 1999
1997
Which ECMAScript version introduced strict mode and JSON support?
A) ES3
B) ES4
C) ES5
D) ES6
ES5
Which of the following is NOT a feature of ES6 (ECMAScript 2015)?
A) Arrow functions
B) Template literals
C) includes method for arrays
D) Classes
includes method for arrays (introduced in ES7)
The keywords let and const introduced in ES6 provide which of the following advantages?
A) Block scoping
B) Automatic hoisting
C) Global scope only
D) Lack of reassignability
Block scoping
Which of the following methods introduced in ES6 allows for better handling of asynchronous operations?
A) setTimeout
B) async/await
C) Promises
D) alert
Promises
What is the primary purpose of the arrow functions introduced in ES6?
A) Provide a new way to declare classes
B) Offer a shorthand syntax for functions and manage this context more predictably
C) Allow nested loops
D) Automatically scope variables
Offer a shorthand syntax for functions and manage this context more predictably
Which feature of ES6 is used to embed expressions into strings?
A) Template literals
B) Arrow functions
C) Spread operator
D) Rest parameters
Template literals
What does the Object.entries() method introduced in ES8 do?
A) Returns all keys of an object as an array
B) Returns all values of an object as an array
C) Returns key-value pairs of an object as an array of arrays
D) Deletes key-value pairs in an object
Returns key-value pairs of an object as an array of arrays
Which of the following was introduced in ES7 to check if an element exists in an array?
A) find()
B) findIndex()
C) includes()
D) some()
includes()
What feature does the spread operator … introduced in ES6 offer?
A) Combining two functions
B) Separating strings into individual characters
C) Expanding elements of an array or object into another
D) Declaring variables
Expanding elements of an array or object into another
Which of these ECMAScript updates introduced async functions with async and await keywords?
A) ES6
B) ES7
C) ES8
D) ES9
ES8
Which ES9 feature allows for asynchronous iteration in JavaScript?
A) Promise.all
B) async function()
C) for-await-of
D) Array.flat()
for-await-of
What does the Array.flat() method introduced in ES2019 do?
A) Replaces array elements with null values
B) Removes the last element of an array
C) Flattens nested arrays to a specified depth
D) Filters null elements from an array
Flattens nested arrays to a specified depth
In which ECMAScript update was the exponential operator ** introduced?
A) ES6
B) ES7
C) ES8
D) ES9
ES7
What year was the first version of ECMAScript (ES1) released?
A) 1995
B) 1996
C) 1997
D) 1998
1997
Which ECMAScript version introduced JSON support and strict mode?
A) ES4
B) ES5
C) ES6
D) ES7
ES5
ECMAScript 6 (ES6) is also known as:
A) ECMAScript 2012
B) ECMAScript 2015
C) ECMAScript 2018
D) ECMAScript 2017
ECMAScript 2015
Which feature in ES6 helps to manage this context in functions?
A) Regular functions
B) Arrow functions
C) Template literals
D) Object literals
Arrow functions
What is the scope of variables declared with let and const in ES6?
A) Global scope
B) Block scope
C) Function scope
D) Module scope
Block scope
Which feature in ES6 allows embedding expressions within string literals?
A) Template literals
B) Spread operator
C) Destructuring
D) Arrow functions
Template literals
Which of the following is a new collection type introduced in ES6?
A) Array
B) Object
C) Set
D) Tuple
Set
How does const differ from let in ES6?
A) const is block-scoped, and let is function-scoped
B) const cannot be reassigned, while let can
C) const is globally scoped, and let is block-scoped
D) There is no difference
const cannot be reassigned, while let can
Which ECMAScript version introduced the Array.prototype.includes() method?
A) ES5
B) ES6
C) ES7
D) ES8
ES7
What does the spread operator … allow you to do in ES6?
A) Spread properties within objects only
B) Combine two strings
C) Expand arrays and objects within expressions
D) Create a deep copy of an object
Expand arrays and objects within expressions
Which ECMAScript version introduced async/await syntax for handling asynchronous operations?
A) ES5
B) ES6
C) ES7
D) ES8
ES8
The Symbol type was introduced in ES6. What is its primary purpose?
A) To create unique identifiers for object properties
B) To perform mathematical calculations
C) To define constants
D) To represent null values
To create unique identifiers for object properties
What does Object.entries() return in ES8?
A) Array of object keys
B) Array of object values
C) Array of key-value pairs
D) An object of key-value pairs
Array of key-value pairs
Which ES9 feature introduced the for-await-of loop?
A) Asynchronous iteration
B) Object cloning
C) Array destructuring
D) Functional programming
Asynchronous iteration
The method Object.fromEntries() was introduced in which version of ECMAScript?
A) ES6
B) ES7
C) ES9
D) ES10
ES9
What does Array.prototype.flat() do in ES2019?
A) Combines multiple arrays into one
B) Flattens a nested array to a specified depth
C) Maps over each element in an array
D) Removes duplicates from an array
Flattens a nested array to a specified depth
What is a primary use of the Promise.prototype.finally() method introduced in ES9?
A) Run code after a promise is resolved
B) Run code after a promise is resolved or rejected
C) Retry a promise
D) Cancel a promise
Run code after a promise is resolved or rejected
Which ES6 feature allows assigning variables from an array or object with a concise syntax?
A) Destructuring
B) Spread operator
C) Template literals
D) Classes
Destructuring
In ES6, which keyword is used for defining classes?
A) function
B) var
C) class
D) define
class
What is the purpose of the default parameters feature introduced in ES6?
A) To define the type of a parameter
B) To set a default value for a parameter if none is provided
C) To return the first parameter of a function
D) To automatically declare variables
To set a default value for a parameter if none is provided
Which ES8 feature allows strings to be padded with additional characters?
A) String.prototype.repeat()
B) String.prototype.padStart() and padEnd()
C) String.prototype.includes()
D) String.prototype.trim()
String.prototype.padStart() and padEnd()
What does the Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptors() method introduced in ES8 return?
A) Only the values of an object
B) Only the keys of an object
C) Descriptors for all properties of an object
D) An array of all methods in an object
Descriptors for all properties of an object
What is a key feature of const variables in JavaScript?
A) They cannot be reassigned once defined
B) They can only be used in loops
C) They are always global
D) They do not allow object properties to change
They cannot be reassigned once defined
The Map object introduced in ES6 is primarily used for:
A) Storing collections of data as key-value pairs
B) Defining global variables
C) Performing mathematical operations
D) Iterating over arrays
Storing collections of data as key-value pairs
Which ES2019 feature simplifies accessing Symbol descriptions?
A) Symbol.prototype.id
B) Symbol.prototype.description
C) Symbol.getId()
D) Symbol.returnDescription()
Symbol.prototype.description
In what year was the first version of ECMAScript (ES1) released?
A) 1995
B) 1996
C) 1997
D) 1998
1997
Who developed JavaScript in 1995 while working at Netscape?
A) Tim Berners-Lee
B) Brendan Eich
C) Marc Andreessen
D) Larry Page
Brendan Eich
In which year did Netscape submit JavaScript to ECMA International for standardization?
A) 1995
B) 1996
C) 1997
D) 1998
1996
What year saw the release of ECMAScript 2, which primarily involved editorial changes?
A) 1997
B) 1998
C) 1999
D) 2000
1998
. ECMAScript 3, a major update that introduced regular expressions and exception handling, was released in:
A) 1998
B) 1999
C) 2000
D) 2001
1999
Which ECMAScript version, proposed in the mid-2000s, was abandoned due to stakeholder disagreements?
A) ES3
B) ES4
C) ES5
D) ES6
ES4
Released in 2009, ECMAScript 5 introduced features such as strict mode and JSON support. What was the driving reason behind this update?
A) To support Internet Explorer exclusively
B) To add modern syntax for mobile development
C) To make JavaScript more robust and browser-compatible
D) To abandon support for Internet Explorer
To make JavaScript more robust and browser-compatible
In which year did ECMAScript 6 (ES6), also known as ECMAScript 2015, get officially released?
A) 2014
B) 2015
C) 2016
D) 2017
2015
The includes() method for arrays was introduced in which ECMAScript version?
A) ES5
B) ES6
C) ES7
D) ES8
ES7
Async/Await was introduced in which ECMAScript version?
A) ES6
B) ES7
C) ES8
D) ES9
ES8
Which year saw the introduction of ES9, which brought features like asynchronous iteration and Promise.prototype.finally()?
A) 2017
B) 2018
C) 2019
D) 2020
2018
ES10, released in 2019, introduced which method for flattening arrays?
A) Array.prototype.flat()
B) Array.prototype.join()
C) Array.prototype.reduce()
D) Array.prototype.slice()
Array.prototype.flat()
In what year did ECMAScript introduce BigInt and globalThis?
A) 2018
B) 2019
C) 2020
D) 2021
2020
Which organization officially maintains the ECMAScript standard?
A) IEEE
B) ISO
C) ECMA International
D) W3C
ECMA International
JavaScript was initially created under which name by Brendan Eich?
A) Mocha
B) LiveScript
C) ECMAScript
D) ActionScript
Mocha
When was ECMAScript 2017 (ES8) officially released?
A) 2015
B) 2016
C) 2017
D) 2018
2017
Who is credited with developing the concept of prototypal inheritance, a core part of JavaScript’s object model?
A) Douglas Crockford
B) Brendan Eich
C) Kyle Simpson
D) Mark Miller
Brendan Eich
Which developer is known for promoting the “JavaScript: The Good Parts” philosophy?
A) Brendan Eich
B) Douglas Crockford
C) Kyle Simpson
D) Mathias Bynens
Douglas Crockford
n what year did JavaScript celebrate its 25th anniversary?
A) 2020
B) 2021
C) 2022
D) 2019
2021
The concept of strict mode in JavaScript was introduced in ES5 in which year?
A) 2008
B) 2009
C) 2010
D) 2011
2009
