CAOPRELIM Flashcards
Which component is often referred to as the “brain” of the computer?
Motherboard
Hard drive
Microprocessor
X RAM
Microprocessor
Gordon Moore’s observation, known as______ states that the number of transistors on a microchip doubles about every two years.
Moore’s Law
The_____ designed by Charles Babbage was an early mechanical calculator capable of solving complex mathematical problems.
Difference Engine
computer memory measurement, what comes after Terabyte in terms of increasing capacity?
Petabyte
Gigabyte
Zettabyte
Exabyte
Petabyte
In binary, each digit is called a____ and 8 of these make up one byte.
bit
Which of the following represents one billion bytes?
Terabyte
Petabyte
Gigabyte
Megabyte
Gigabyte
The “von Neumann bottleneck” refers to:
The limited processing speed of early CPUs
The difficulty in programming early computers
The high cost of computer memor
The single data path between CPU and main memory
The single data path between CPU and main memory
In the decimal number system, the value of a digit depends solely on the digit itself, not its position.
True False
False
What does ROM stand for?
Rapid Output Management
Read-Only Memory
Runtime Optimization Module
Random Operating Memory
Read-Only Memory
Which type of port sends data as a single pulse along at least eight data lines?
Serial port
USB port
Ethernet port
Parallel port
Parallel port
Which of the following is an example of secondary storage?
RAM
CPU
registers Cache
Hard disk drive
Hard disk drive
The ASCII code uses 7 bits and has 256 possible codes.
True False
False
The ASCII code uses 7 bits and has 256 possible codes.
True False
False
What does the Principle of Equivalence of Hardware and Software state?
Any task done by software can also be done using hardware, and vice versa.
Hardware is always faster than software.
Hardware and software cannot perform the same tasks.
Software is always more efficient than hardware.
Any task done by software can also be done using hardware, and vice versa.
ISCII is a universal encoding standard used to support all languages worldwide.
True False
False
In the decimal number system, what does the value of a digit depend on?
The sum of all digits in the number.
Its position within the number.
Its numerical value only.
The total number of digits in the number.
Its position within the number.
What is the primary difference between computer organization and computer architecture?
Neither deals with the physical or logical aspects of computer systems.
Architecture deals with physical aspects, while organization focuses on logical aspects.
Organization deals with physical aspects, while architecture focuses on logical aspects.
Organization and architecture are identical concepts.
Organization deals with physical aspects, while architecture focuses on logical aspects.
Organization deals with physical aspects, while architecture focuses on logical aspects. In a binary number, the leftmost digit is called the least significant bit (LSB).
True False
False
What is the primary limitation of the classic von Neumann architecture that led to the development of alternative models?
Limited input/output capabilities
Lack of memory capacity
Single data path between CPU and memory Slow processing speed
Single data path between CPU and memory
What is the primary function of the Control Level in the computer level hierarchy?
To compile high-level languages
To decode and execute instructions
To provide a user interface
To implement digital circuits
To decode and execute instructions
Which of the following best describes Unicode?
A unique numeric value for every character across languages.
A code for representing only English characters.
An outdated standard for digital communication.
A coding system for mathematical symbols only
A unique numeric value for every character across languages.
What is the primary advantage of using the binary number system in digital systems?
It’s easier to implement with two-state electric signals.
It’s the most common system used by humans.
It uses fewer digits than the decimal system.
It’s more accurate for mathematical calculations.
It’s easier to implement with two-state electric signals.
How many unique codes can be represented using the 7-bit ASCII system?
512
128
256
64
128
Which of the following is NOT typically included in the alphanumeric code set?
Digits
Punctuation marks
Foreign currency symbols
Lowercase letters.
Foreign currency symbols
The invention of the _____ led to the second generation of computers, which were smaller and more reliable.
transistors
Which organization establishes worldwide standards for computer hardware and software?
IEEE
ITU
ISO
ANSI
ISO
In the computer level hierarchy, which level is also known as the Instruction Set Architecture (ISA) Level?
System Software Level
Assembly Language Level
Machine Leve
Control Level
Machine Leve
The term “BUNCH” in the computer industry of the third generation stood for:
Babbage, Univac, NCR, Cray, and Honeywell
Burroughs, Unisys, NCR, Control Data, and Honeywell
Boeing, Univac, Nixdorf, Compaq, and Hewlett-Packard
Bell, Unix, Netscape, Commodore, and Hitachi
Burroughs, Unisys, NCR, Control Data, and Honeywell
DNA computing, as demonstrated by Leonard Adleman, was used to solve which famous problem?
The halting problem
The four-color map problem
The P vs NP problem
The traveling salesman problem
The traveling salesman problem
What is the primary purpose of cache memory?
To provide long-term storage.
To connect to external devices.
To display output on the screen.
To increase the speed of the processor.
To increase the speed of the processor.
______speeds are measured in MHz or GHz.
Processor, processor
Which computer is considered the first mass-produced computer?
UNIVACI
IBM 650
ENIAC
ABC (Atanasoff Berry Computer)
IBM 650
______send data as a series of pulses along one or two data lines.
Serial ports, Serial port, serial ports, serial port, Serial Ports
What is the clock speed of a processor typically measured in?
Bits per second
Bytes per second
Cycles per minute
Hertz (Hz)
Hertz (Hz)
The complete set of characters or symbols in a computer system is called____
Alphanumeric code
The first generation of computers used _____ as their primary electronic component.
vacuum tubes
How many uppercase letters are included in the typical alphanumeric code set?
26
36
30
20
26
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of von Neumann architecture?
Stored-program concept
Sequential instruction processing
Multiple data paths between CPU and memory Central Processing Unit (CPU)
Multiple data paths between CPU and memory
What is the primary purpose of ASCII?
To represent characters as numerical values.
To create graphical user interfaces.
To encrypt information.
To compress data.
To represent characters as numerical values.
The______ controls and coordinates the order and execution of program instructions in a computer.
control unit
