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OOP > CAOPRELIM > Flashcards

CAOPRELIM Flashcards

1
Q

Which component is often referred to as the “brain” of the computer?

Motherboard
Hard drive
Microprocessor
X RAM

A

Microprocessor

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2
Q

Gordon Moore’s observation, known as______ states that the number of transistors on a microchip doubles about every two years.

A

Moore’s Law

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3
Q

The_____ designed by Charles Babbage was an early mechanical calculator capable of solving complex mathematical problems.

A

Difference Engine

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4
Q

computer memory measurement, what comes after Terabyte in terms of increasing capacity?

Petabyte
Gigabyte
Zettabyte
Exabyte

A

Petabyte

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5
Q

In binary, each digit is called a____ and 8 of these make up one byte.

A

bit

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6
Q

Which of the following represents one billion bytes?

Terabyte
Petabyte
Gigabyte
Megabyte

A

Gigabyte

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7
Q

The “von Neumann bottleneck” refers to:

The limited processing speed of early CPUs

The difficulty in programming early computers

The high cost of computer memor

The single data path between CPU and main memory

A

The single data path between CPU and main memory

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8
Q

In the decimal number system, the value of a digit depends solely on the digit itself, not its position.

True False

A

False

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9
Q

What does ROM stand for?

Rapid Output Management
Read-Only Memory
Runtime Optimization Module
Random Operating Memory

A

Read-Only Memory

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10
Q

Which type of port sends data as a single pulse along at least eight data lines?

Serial port
USB port
Ethernet port
Parallel port

A

Parallel port

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11
Q

Which of the following is an example of secondary storage?
RAM
CPU
registers Cache
Hard disk drive

A

Hard disk drive

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12
Q

The ASCII code uses 7 bits and has 256 possible codes.

True False

A

False

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13
Q

The ASCII code uses 7 bits and has 256 possible codes.

True False

A

False

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14
Q

What does the Principle of Equivalence of Hardware and Software state?

Any task done by software can also be done using hardware, and vice versa.

Hardware is always faster than software.

Hardware and software cannot perform the same tasks.

Software is always more efficient than hardware.

A

Any task done by software can also be done using hardware, and vice versa.

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15
Q

ISCII is a universal encoding standard used to support all languages worldwide.

True False

A

False

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16
Q

In the decimal number system, what does the value of a digit depend on?

The sum of all digits in the number.
Its position within the number.
Its numerical value only.
The total number of digits in the number.

A

Its position within the number.

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17
Q

What is the primary difference between computer organization and computer architecture?

Neither deals with the physical or logical aspects of computer systems.

Architecture deals with physical aspects, while organization focuses on logical aspects.

Organization deals with physical aspects, while architecture focuses on logical aspects.

Organization and architecture are identical concepts.

A

Organization deals with physical aspects, while architecture focuses on logical aspects.

18
Q

Organization deals with physical aspects, while architecture focuses on logical aspects. In a binary number, the leftmost digit is called the least significant bit (LSB).

True False

A

False

19
Q

What is the primary limitation of the classic von Neumann architecture that led to the development of alternative models?

Limited input/output capabilities
Lack of memory capacity
Single data path between CPU and memory Slow processing speed

A

Single data path between CPU and memory

20
Q

What is the primary function of the Control Level in the computer level hierarchy?

To compile high-level languages
To decode and execute instructions
To provide a user interface
To implement digital circuits

A

To decode and execute instructions

21
Q

Which of the following best describes Unicode?

A unique numeric value for every character across languages.

A code for representing only English characters.

An outdated standard for digital communication.

A coding system for mathematical symbols only

A

A unique numeric value for every character across languages.

22
Q

What is the primary advantage of using the binary number system in digital systems?

It’s easier to implement with two-state electric signals.

It’s the most common system used by humans.

It uses fewer digits than the decimal system.

It’s more accurate for mathematical calculations.

A

It’s easier to implement with two-state electric signals.

23
Q

How many unique codes can be represented using the 7-bit ASCII system?
512
128
256
64

A

128

24
Q

Which of the following is NOT typically included in the alphanumeric code set?
Digits
Punctuation marks
Foreign currency symbols
Lowercase letters.

A

Foreign currency symbols

25
Q

The invention of the _____ led to the second generation of computers, which were smaller and more reliable.

A

transistors

26
Q

Which organization establishes worldwide standards for computer hardware and software?
IEEE
ITU
ISO
ANSI

A

ISO

27
Q

In the computer level hierarchy, which level is also known as the Instruction Set Architecture (ISA) Level?
System Software Level
Assembly Language Level
Machine Leve
Control Level

A

Machine Leve

28
Q

The term “BUNCH” in the computer industry of the third generation stood for:

Babbage, Univac, NCR, Cray, and Honeywell

Burroughs, Unisys, NCR, Control Data, and Honeywell

Boeing, Univac, Nixdorf, Compaq, and Hewlett-Packard

Bell, Unix, Netscape, Commodore, and Hitachi

A

Burroughs, Unisys, NCR, Control Data, and Honeywell

29
Q

DNA computing, as demonstrated by Leonard Adleman, was used to solve which famous problem?
The halting problem
The four-color map problem
The P vs NP problem
The traveling salesman problem

A

The traveling salesman problem

30
Q

What is the primary purpose of cache memory?

To provide long-term storage.
To connect to external devices.
To display output on the screen.
To increase the speed of the processor.

A

To increase the speed of the processor.

31
Q

______speeds are measured in MHz or GHz.

A

Processor, processor

32
Q

Which computer is considered the first mass-produced computer?
UNIVACI
IBM 650
ENIAC
ABC (Atanasoff Berry Computer)

A

IBM 650

33
Q

______send data as a series of pulses along one or two data lines.

A

Serial ports, Serial port, serial ports, serial port, Serial Ports

34
Q

What is the clock speed of a processor typically measured in?
Bits per second
Bytes per second
Cycles per minute
Hertz (Hz)

A

Hertz (Hz)

35
Q
A
36
Q

The complete set of characters or symbols in a computer system is called____

A

Alphanumeric code

37
Q

The first generation of computers used _____ as their primary electronic component.

A

vacuum tubes

38
Q

How many uppercase letters are included in the typical alphanumeric code set?
26
36
30
20

A

26

39
Q

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of von Neumann architecture?

Stored-program concept
Sequential instruction processing
Multiple data paths between CPU and memory Central Processing Unit (CPU)

A

Multiple data paths between CPU and memory

40
Q

What is the primary purpose of ASCII?

To represent characters as numerical values.
To create graphical user interfaces.
To encrypt information.
To compress data.

A

To represent characters as numerical values.

41
Q

The______ controls and coordinates the order and execution of program instructions in a computer.

A

control unit

OOP (25 decks)

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