MNT for Diabetes Flashcards
Describe the medical nutrition therapy for prediabetes, type 1 and 2 diabetes, and gestational diabetes
For individuals with prediabetes, what percentage of weight loss is typically recommended to improve insulin sensitivity?
A) 3-5%
B) 7-10%
C) 15-20%
D) 1-2%
B) 7-10%
Which dietary component is emphasized for improving blood glucose response in prediabetes?
A) High-glycemic index carbohydrates
B) Low-fiber foods
C) High-fiber, low-glycemic index carbohydrates
D) Sugary snacks
C) High-fiber, low-glycemic index carbohydrates
In Type 1 diabetes, why is carbohydrate counting important?
A) To reduce calorie intake
B) To match insulin doses with CHO intake
C) To eliminate carbohydrates entirely
D) To combat weight loss
B) To match insulin doses with carbohydrate intake
True or False: For Type 1 diabetes, regular meals and snacks help prevent hypoglycemia, especially during exercise.
True
Which of these dietary choices helps reduce cardiovascular risks in Type 2 diabetes?
A) Low-carbohydrate and high-fat meals
B) Omega-3 and monounsaturated fats
C) Reduced fiber intake
D) Omega-6 and polyunsaturated fats
B) Omega-3 and monounsaturated fats
In gestational diabetes, what helps prevent significant glucose fluctuations?
A) Large, high-carb meals
B) Only high protein meals
C) Small, frequent meals
D) Avoiding carbohydrates entirely
C) Small, frequent meals
True or False: Approximately 40% of daily calories should come from carbohydrates in a balanced meal plan for gestational diabetes.
True
In prediabetes, what is the primary goal of emphasizing a diet high in non-starchy vegetables and lean proteins?
A) To increase insulin resistance
B) To improve insulin sensitivity and promote weight loss if needed
C) To reduce fat mass without affecting glucose response
D) To reduce water retention
B) To improve insulin sensitivity and promote weight loss if needed
True or False: In Type 1 diabetes, a high-protein diet is recommended to manage blood glucose levels and match insulin requirements.
False
Which sugar alternative should be avoided for women with gestational diabetes?
A) Saccharin
B) sucralose
C) Monk Fruit
D) Aspartame
A) Saccharin
True or False: a pregnant women with GDM is safe to consume cereal with milk for breakfast.
False - One CHO svg at breakfast. It should be a complex carb w/ fiber so not milk, fruit or cereal.
True or False: A mom with GDM should avoid breastfeeding as it increases glucose intake of child and therefore increases their risk of developing type 2 diabetes.
False - breastfeeding lowers risk of developing type 2 for both mom and baby.
A patient with Type 1 diabetes plans to engage in a 60-minute moderate-intensity workout. What should they do to prevent exercise-induced hypoglycemia?
A) Increase their insulin dose before the workout to match their expected carbohydrate intake.
B) Avoid all carbohydrates before exercising to prevent glucose spikes.
C) Consume 15-30 grams of carbohydrates before starting the workout, and monitor blood glucose levels during exercise.
D) Skip their regular insulin dose to avoid any risk of hypoglycemia during exercise.
C) Consume 15-30 grams of carbohydrates before starting the workout, and monitor blood glucose levels during exercise.
True or False: diet soda is typically safe for consumption but should be monitored as it may increase plasma glucose.
False - non-nutritive sweeteners don’t raise blood sugar.
True or False: Fructose should be avoided as it contains higher glycemic index than glucose.
False – however it may adversely affect plasma TG in large amounts.
