MNT-Burns, Bones, Genes, Malnutrition & Fx Foods Flashcards
-Fluids and electrolytes replace within 24 hrs
-Dont overfeed
Recovery: Increase cals & 2 g/kg protein
-Antibiotics, Vit K, C, Vits, Zinc
Burn MNT
physical injuries that need immediate atttention
ex: blunt force, car accidents, etc
Trauma
-More calories and protein to rebuild damaged cells
due to: hyerglycemia/hyperinsulinemia, protein breakdown
Trauma MNT
-localized injuries to skin or tissue due to unrelieved pressure
pressure injury
30-40 kcals/kg
Protein 1.5-2 gm/kg
Supp: A, C, zinc, copper, calcium
Pressure injruies
-no chromosone 15
-higher ghrelin increases appetite, never feel full
-sxs: wight gain, no muscle tone, shortness, failure to thrive
MNT: well-balanced, low cal meal planning often recommended
Prader-Willi syndrome
Ammonia doesn’t conver to urea causing buildup
sxs: siezures, tired, vomit, anorexia, coma
MNT: 1-2g/kg protein
Urea Cycle Defects
glucose 6-phosphate deficiency—> hypoglycemia
MNT: exogenious glucose, high carb, low fat, raw cornstarch
Glycogen Storage Disease
-can’t convert tyrosine (shortage of neurotransmitters)
-effects brain development & function
-Gunthrie test
PKU
-thyrosine and low phenylalanine foods
-low protein, high carb
-avoid aspartame
PKU MNT
-lack enzyme breaks down branch chain amino acids causes BCAA buildup
-sxs: failure to thrive, vomit, seizures, maple syrup odor of sweat and urine
Maple Syrup Urine Disease
low protein
milk in small doses
avoid DEMon (dairy, eggs, meat or nuts)
Maple syrup urine disease MNT
-long term inflammatory lung disease/obstructed airflow
assoc: emphysema
sxs: weight loss/anorexia
MNT: small, consistent meals, high protein (1-1.5 g/kg), vit D
COPD
compounds in organ meats, alcohol, anchiovies, sardines, high fructose corn syrup
Purines
excess uric acid–> urate crystal deposits
sxs: inflammation, pain, swelling, redness
MNT: avoid purine foods, med protein/fat, high vluids
Gout
-porous bones/loss of bone likely to cause fracture
Risk: Lack of estrogen, exercise & malnutrition
-Asian or white
osteoporosis
breaks down bone (crush)
osteoclasts
builds up bone
osteoblasts
developing osteoporosis 15-20 years after menopause
type I osteo (post menopausal)
age-assoc osteo in 70+
type II osteoporosis (age-associated)
-vit D supp (400-800 mg/day)
-calcium carb/citrate (1,200 mg/day, 2x/day)
-HRT
-weight bearing exercise
Osteoporosis MNT
softening of bones after growth plates fused
MNT: Vit D & Cal
Osteomalacia
virus that affects cells in body that fight infection
sxs: fever, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, malabsorption, weight loss
HIV
HALS
-increase fiber, reduce fat
HIV-Associated Lipodystrophy Syndrome
NRTI meds (retrovir)
-Neutropenic Diet (no raw foods-veg, meat, dairy, nuts, etc)
-No herbal supplements
HIV/AIDS MNT
CFTR gene, less CFTR protein
-thick mucous secretions block wall ducts
sxs: malabsorption, fat sol vit def, increased sweating, laboured breathing
Cystic Fibrosis
-PERT therapy
-high calorie, protein and fat
-fat sol vitamin supplements
-zinc
-sodium (2,000-4,000 mg)
Cystic Fibrosis MNT
protein-cal malnutrition in babies, kids & chemo
-fat/muscle waisting, less arm circumference
Marasmus
Protein-cal malnutrition due to medical txt/meds
iatrogenic malnutrition
Fx: reduce cancer risk & inflammation
source: tomato, grapefruit
Lycopene
Fx: reduce cancer risk & inflammation
source: chili peppers
capsaicin
Fx: reduce cancer, heart health
source: soy, seeds
isoflavones
Fx: heart health
source: nuts, fort margarine
stanols & sterols
