Labs

Question 1

Sodium, Chloride, Calcium

Answer 1

Extracellular electrolytes

Question 2

Potassium, Mag, Phos

Answer 2

Intracellular electrolytes

Question 3

-135-145 range
-high in dehydration (hypernatremia)

Answer 3

Sodium

Question 4

-2.15-2.55 mol/L (start taking at age 40)
-99% in bones & teeth
-vit D def (hypocalcemia)
-overactive PTH gland (hypercalcemia)

Answer 4

Calcium

Question 5

-96-106 range (temp you’d swim in pool)
-kidney disease (hyperchloremia)

Answer 5

Chloride

Question 6

-3.5-5 range (bananas/bunch)
-hypokalemia: fluid loss, refeedking
-hyperkal: kidney disease, cardiac

Answer 6

Potassium

Question 7

.8-1.0 mm/L range
-hypomagnesemia (refeed)

Answer 7

Magnesium

Question 8

-0.7- 1.1 range (hours before bed)
-hypo (vit d, refeed)
-hyper (hypothyroid)

Answer 8

Phosphorous

Question 9

inflammatory response proteins

Answer 9

acute-phase

Question 10

-increase during inflammation
-ex: c-reactive protein, ferritin

Answer 10

positive acute phase

Question 11

-decrease during inflammation
-ex: albumin, prealbumin, trasferrin & retinol-binding protein

Answer 11

negative acute phase

Question 12

-35-50 (albums-songs)
-3 weeks half life
-keeps water in capillaries
-inflammatory marker: surgery, stress, dehydration

Answer 12

Albumen

Question 13

.17-.35 range
-protein status, decreases w inflammation

Answer 13

Prealbumin

Question 14

2.0-3.6 range
-transfers iron to make hemoglobin
-higher when iron is low

Answer 14

Transferrin

Question 15

3-6 reference range
-transports vitamin A
-2 hr half life

Answer 15

Retinol-Binding Protein

Question 16

Ranges: 30-300 (M), 15-200 (W)
-iron storage, higher in inflammation

Answer 16

ferritin

Question 17

-less than 10 mg normal
-shows increase inflammation, just not where
-nutritional therapy best when low (lower inflammation, more stable)
-inverse relationship w prealbumen

Answer 17

C-Reactive Protein

Question 18

Range: 125-185 (M), 115-165 (W) g/L
delivers oxygen to cells

Answer 18

hemoglobin

Question 19

-waist product from wear & tear of muscles
-muscle waisting/kidneys (high, bad)
-6-12

Answer 19

Serum Creatinine

Question 20

80% normal
-protein/lean body mass

Answer 20

Creatinine Height Index

Question 21

creatinine blood vs. urine 24 hr
-measures GFR

Answer 21

Urinary Creatinine Clearance

Question 22

-7-20 mg/dL
-protein intake (ammonia –> urea)
-kidney function

Answer 22

BUN

Question 23

10-15: 1 (normal)
-<10:1 renal damage

Answer 23

BUN/Cr ratio

Question 24

-Higher than 2,700 normal
-measures WBCs, high=infection/inflammation

Answer 24

Total Lymphocyte Count

Question 25

-measures lead poisining

Answer 25

free erythrocyte protoporphyrin

Question 26

-11-12.5 secs
-time for blood to clot
-vit K def, anticoag, liver disease increase

Answer 26

Prothrombin Time