Labs Flashcards
Sodium, Chloride, Calcium
Extracellular electrolytes
Potassium, Mag, Phos
Intracellular electrolytes
-135-145 range
-high in dehydration (hypernatremia)
Sodium
-2.15-2.55 mol/L (start taking at age 40)
-99% in bones & teeth
-vit D def (hypocalcemia)
-overactive PTH gland (hypercalcemia)
Calcium
-96-106 range (temp you’d swim in pool)
-kidney disease (hyperchloremia)
Chloride
-3.5-5 range (bananas/bunch)
-hypokalemia: fluid loss, refeedking
-hyperkal: kidney disease, cardiac
Potassium
.8-1.0 mm/L range
-hypomagnesemia (refeed)
Magnesium
-0.7- 1.1 range (hours before bed)
-hypo (vit d, refeed)
-hyper (hypothyroid)
Phosphorous
inflammatory response proteins
acute-phase
-increase during inflammation
-ex: c-reactive protein, ferritin
positive acute phase
-decrease during inflammation
-ex: albumin, prealbumin, trasferrin & retinol-binding protein
negative acute phase
-35-50 (albums-songs)
-3 weeks half life
-keeps water in capillaries
-inflammatory marker: surgery, stress, dehydration
Albumen
.17-.35 range
-protein status, decreases w inflammation
Prealbumin
2.0-3.6 range
-transfers iron to make hemoglobin
-higher when iron is low
Transferrin
3-6 reference range
-transports vitamin A
-2 hr half life
Retinol-Binding Protein
Ranges: 30-300 (M), 15-200 (W)
-iron storage, higher in inflammation
ferritin
-less than 10 mg normal
-shows increase inflammation, just not where
-nutritional therapy best when low (lower inflammation, more stable)
-inverse relationship w prealbumen
C-Reactive Protein
Range: 125-185 (M), 115-165 (W) g/L
delivers oxygen to cells
hemoglobin
-waist product from wear & tear of muscles
-muscle waisting/kidneys (high, bad)
-6-12
Serum Creatinine
80% normal
-protein/lean body mass
Creatinine Height Index
creatinine blood vs. urine 24 hr
-measures GFR
Urinary Creatinine Clearance
-7-20 mg/dL
-protein intake (ammonia –> urea)
-kidney function
BUN
10-15: 1 (normal)
-<10:1 renal damage
BUN/Cr ratio
-Higher than 2,700 normal
-measures WBCs, high=infection/inflammation
Total Lymphocyte Count
-measures lead poisining
free erythrocyte protoporphyrin
-11-12.5 secs
-time for blood to clot
-vit K def, anticoag, liver disease increase
Prothrombin Time
