Mnt Flashcards
What is the minimum amount of medium-intensity exercise recommended per week for adults according to general health guidelines?
150 minutes for medium-intensity
burn patient with 15% of surface area , he is unconscious what is the best type of feeding ?
❛ Initiate enteral feeding neww (NGT or gastrostomy tube or Peg)
A 48-year-old man visited his GP after being jaundiced following a family wedding. He subsequently was diagnosed with decompensated liver disease due to previously undiagnosed liver cirrhosis. He has noticed he has lost a lot of his muscle mass, and his weight has dropped from 84 kg to 70 kg. His GP has referred him to dietetic services for assessment and advice. What is the aim of the dietetic intervention plan?
Correct protein-calorie malnutrition
Nutrition therapy for hepatitis consists of protein?
Increase protein to 1-2g protein/kg per day
In a nutrition assessment form, which of the following factors is used to determine the risk of nutritional problems?
Dietary intake history
What intervention is commonly recommended for individuals with cirrhosis?
Branched-chain amino acid (BCAA) supplementation
In patients with cirrhosis, which of the following proteins is typically restricted in their diet?
A) Isoleucine
B) Leucine
C) Valine
D) Tyrosine
D) Tyrosine
For an underweight person who wants to increase muscle mass, which supplement is recommended?
A) Leucine, isoleucine, and valine (BCAA)
The determination of fluid needs in a patient depends on the patient’s condition, which includes?
Fluid status (dehydration, hydration)
During weight loss, a patient is likely in a state of?
Catabolism
During weight gain, a patient is likely in a state of?
Anabolism
The following could relieve hepatic encephalopathy?
a) Aromatic amino acids supplement
b) Administration of lactulose
b) Administration of lactulose
regarding of medical Nutrition Therapy for acute hepatitis all true except ?
a. Low carbohydrate
b. Small frequent meals
c. 20 - 25% fat
d. High energy dense
a. Low carbohydrate
All are causes of hepatic encephalopathy EXCEPT? A) Animal meat
B) Food high in BCAA (Branched-Chain Amino Acids)
C) Food rich in glutamine
D) Constipation
B) Food high in BCAA (Branched-Chain Amino Acids)
The concentration of branched chain amino acid and aromatic amino acid in patient with hepatic encephalopathy is?
high BCAA, low AAA pa
Supplements for hepatic encephalopathy, And why?
BCAA , help reduce protein catabolism and improve cognitive function in patients with liver
disease by providing an alternative energy source - improve neurological functioning
Which dietary approach is commonly recommended for individuals with liver disease?
a) High calorie, high protein, high fat, low sodium
b) Low calorie, low protein, low fat, high sodium
c) High calorie, normal protein, low fat, low sodium
c) High calorie, normal protein, low fat, low sodium
All are advantages of using an enteral pump EXCEPT?
A) Minimize feeding intolerance
B) Can be used for bolus and intermittent feeding
C) Reduce contamination
A) Minimize feeding intolerance
When compared to intermittent feedings, continuous feedings?
Require a pump for infusion
Patient with 4-Stage Renal Disease and Early Protein-Energy Malnutrition: What is the best intervention?
Increase protein to 1 g/kg/d
Physical signs of PEM might include all of the following except?
a) Low serum albumin
b) Dull, brittle hair
c) Poor grip strength
d) Wasted appearance
a) Low serum albumin
**A realistic goal for weight loss is to reduce body weight by?
By 5%-10% over six months
A person who consistently consumes 1700 kcal/day and expends 2200 kcal/day for a month would be expected to?
Lose 4 -5 pounds/monthly
**A mother brings her 6-month-old baby to the clinic seeking guidance on transitioning from breastfeeding to formula feeding. She asks about the type of formula she should use. Which of the following options would be the most appropriate recommendation?
Iron-fortified formula
For a patient with who has significant difficulty with oral feeding, which of the following is the most appropriate route of feeding?
Gastrostomy long-term (PEG)
/// NG short term
All are true regarding the advantages of closed tube systems EXCEPT? A) May reduce bacterial contamination
B) Can save at room temperature for 24 hours
C) Provides more calorie-dense
D) Allows more fiber formula to be added
B) Can save at room temperature for 24 hours
patient with pancreatitis requires nutritional support due to difficulty in oral intake. Which route of feeding would be the most appropriate choice for this patient? Krause 638
nasojejunal (jejunal)
What is the recommended enteral nutrition route for a patient with an ileostomy?
Jejunostomy tube (if normal DIET : low fiber diet )
For an older adult patient with malnutrition and Alzheimer’s who refuses to eat, the best route for enteral feeding is?
PEG for long term
Nasogastric tube (NGT tube) for short term
Mediterranean Diet in oral Alzheimer’s disease
What is the most important management in Alzheimer’s disease?
Give omega-3
**For a patient with esophageal cancer and low appetite, which nutritional intervention might be considered?
Jejunostomy (Krause 820)
or
TPN
After an esophageal cancer operation, which of the following complications is most expected?
GERD (gastroesophageal reflux disease)
What dietary approach is recommended for a patient with esophageal cancer who has a low appetite?
High-calorie, nutrient-dense
For a patient with esophageal cancer, dysphagia, and severe weight loss, what would be a suitable dietary intervention?
Tube feeding
A patient with dysphagia should ideally receive which type of nutrition?
Enteral
For a patient with esophageal cancer who has experienced weight loss due to difficulty swallowing but has recently improved by consuming small, slow-paced meals, what is the most appropriate diet and type of food record to use?
A liquid diet with small, frequent meals and a food record focused on documenting food
quantities and ease of swallowing
For a patient with stomach cancer who will undergo chemotherapy, what type of feeding is recommended if there is a need for nutritional support?
Jejunostomy tube
For a patient with stomach cancer who has been in remission for 5 years, what is a key consideration for follow-up?
Regular imaging and endoscopic evaluations
Diet should be ________ to stimulate gastrin secretion and to increase lower esophageal sphincter pressure ?
↑ protein
