drugs

Question 1

is a nonabsorbable antibiotic that helps decrease colonic ammonia production.

Answer 1

Rifaximin

Question 2

1) is a nonabsorbable disaccharide.
2) It acidifies the colonic contents, retaining ammonia as the ammonium ion.
3) It also acts as an osmotic laxative to remove the ammo

Answer 2

Lactulose

Question 3

A drug used to treat hepatic encephalopathy because it prevents absorption of ammonia in the intestine is?

Answer 3

Lactulose

Question 4

A patient on statin, metformin, and a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) is experiencing symptoms suggestive of an interaction between metformin and the PPI. Which of the following potential interactions should be considered in the differential diagnosis?

Answer 4

Potential damage to glucose levels due to PPI

Question 5

What are the interactions of Metformin with other medications?

Answer 5

Potential damage to glucose levels due to PPI

Question 6

What are the interactions of Metformin with other medications?

Answer 6

PPI (Proton Pump Inhibitors), Bisphosphonates, and Beta-blockers

Question 7

**A patient taking statins and proton pump inhibitors presents with numbness in the limbs, confusion, and lethargy. What is the most likely cause of these symptoms? (Also taking metformin and atorvastatin)

Answer 7

Vitamin B12 deficiency =cobalamin deficiency due to proton pump inhibitor use.

Question 8

Why is Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) often considered alongside Statin

Answer 8

To reduce the risk of muscle-related side effects caused by Statins.

Question 9

patient on statin medication has an abnormal lipid profile. What is the appropriate intervention?

Answer 9

Check CoQ10 levels and consider supplementation if deficient.

Question 10

Which of the following vitamins and minerals may influence the effectiveness or metabolism of statins?

Answer 10

Vitamin B3 are niacinamide, nicotinic acid.

Vitamin D (Calcitriol)

1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D

Vitamin K (Phylloquinone and Menaquinone)

Magnesium, selenium,

( also CoQ10 + omega 3 + Antacids+ grapefruit )

Question 11

Which of is a common side effect associated with the use of statins?

Answer 11

Muscle pain or weakness

Question 12

what is a common side effect of taking Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPI), statins, and metformin together?

Answer 12

Gastrointestinal upset

Question 13

A patient is prescribed grapefruit, pravastatin, and another medication. Which of the following statements regarding this combination is accurate?

Answer 13

Grapefruit consumption has no significant impact on the efficacy of pravastatin.

(Unlike some other statins (e.g., atorvastatin, simvastatin)

Question 14

Which one of the following medications can be added to TPN in the appropriate clinical circumstance?

Answer 14

Proton pump inhibitors

Question 15

Which of the following individuals is LEAST LIKELY to require magnesium supplementation? a) An individual taking long-term furosemide

b) A breastfed infant

c) An individual with chronic alcoholism

d) An older adult

Answer 15

b) A breastfed infant

Question 16

Which of the following drugs is commonly used to increase appetite in cancer patients?

Answer 16

Megestrol acetate + Dronabinol

Question 17

Which of the following is best to increase appetite in cancer patients?

Answer 17

Controlling nausea and vomiting with antiemetic drugs