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Medicine > Mneumonics > Flashcards

Mneumonics Flashcards

0
Q

Signs sickle cell ds

A 
SICKLE
Splenomegaly
Infection
Cholelithiasis
Kidney - haematuria
Leg ulcer, liver congestion
Eye changes
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1
Q

Signs chronic liver ds

A 
ABCDEFGHIJ
Asterixis, as cites, ankle edema
Bruising, low BP
Clubbing
Dupytrens
Erythema palmar, encephalopathy
Foetor
Gynaecomastia 
Hepatosplenomegally 
Increased parotid
Jaundice
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2
Q

Causes massive splenomegaly

A

MMM
Myelofibrosis
Malaria
CML

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3
Q

Causes thrombocytopenia

A 
PLATELETS
Platelet ds; TTP, ITP, DIC
Leukaemia
Anaemia
Trauma
Enlarged spleen
Liver ds
Ethanol
Toxins; heparin, aspirin, chemo
Sepsis
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4
Q

Signs Polycythaemia rubra Vera

A 
PCRV
Plethora, pruritis
Cyanosis
Ringing in ears
Vision blurred
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5
Q

Causes of DIC

A 
CLOTS
Cancer
Liver ds
Trauma
Sepsis
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6
Q

Causes hyponatraemia

A 
KILLER
Kidney ds
Iatrogenic
Liver ds
Loss fluid; diarrhoea, vomit
Endocrine; siADH, hypothyroid, adrenal
Reduced cardiac output
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7
Q

ACTH deficiency

A 
ACTH
Low ACTH
Cortisol low
Test synacthen
Hypoglycaemia
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8
Q

Causes of siADH

A 
Surgery
Iatrogenic, intracranial
Acute respiratory 
Deficient corrisol
Hypothyroid
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9
Q

Clinical signs DKA

A

DKA
Dehydration, drowsy
Ketoacidosis, Kaussmaul, K+
Acetone breath, abdo pain

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10
Q

Causes DKA

A 
5Is
Infection
Ischaemia
Infarction
Ignorance 
Intoxication
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11
Q

Tx DKA

A 
PANICS
Potassium
Acidosis
Normal saline
Insulin infusion
Catheter, culture
Stomach aspiration, subcut heparin
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12
Q

ECG changes Wolf Parkinson white

A

WPW
Wave delta
PR shortened
Widened QRS

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13
Q

Medical cadioversion, prophylaxis AF

A

AF
Amiodarone
Flecainide

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14
Q

Causes cardiac arrest

A 
4H 4T
Hypovolaemia, hypoxia
Hyper/hypokalaemia, hypothermia
Tension, thromboembolism,
Tamponade, toxin
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15
Q

CXR signs Heart failure

A 
ABCDE
Alveolar edema
B line
Cardiomegaly
Dilated upper airway vessels
Effusions
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16
Q

Management HF

A 
BAD IV
B blocker
Ace
Diuretic
Ionotropes
Vasodilators
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17
Q

Drugs affecting AV nodes

A 
Do Block AV
Digoxin
B blocker
Adenosine
Verapamil
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18
Q

SE and CI statins

A

HMG
Hepatoxicity
Myopathy
Girl pregnancy, growing child

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19
Q

Cause of metabolic acidosis

A 
UKSLAMS
Uraemia
Ketoacidosis
Salicylate
Lactic acidosis
Alcohol
Methanol
Sepsis
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20
Q

Sx open angle glaucoma

A 
OPEN
Optic disc pale
Pressure >21mmHg
Emerging from disc; vessels appear broken
Nasal and superior fields lost first
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21
Q

Sx ALL

A

ALL
Aching bones, Anaemia,
Lymphadenopathy
Lethargy

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22
Q

Stills ds Sx

A 
STILLS
Spiking temps
arThralgia
Increased liver/ spleen size
Lose weight, blood (anaemic)
Looks like malignancy
Salmon pink rash
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23
Q

Gait abnormalities

A 
PC SHAW
Parkinsonism 
Cerebellar
Spastic
Hemiplegic
Antalgic, ataxic
Waddling; proximal myopathy
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24
Q

Change in consciousness

A 
AEIOU TIPS
Alcohol
Encephalopathy, epilepsy 
Infx
Opioid
Uraemia
Trauma
Insulin
Psychosis
Syncope
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25
Q

CTG interpretation

A

DR C BRAVADO

26
Q

Post partum haemorrhage

A 
4Ts
Tone
Tissue
Trauma
Thrombin
27
Q

Menopause Sx

A 
FSH >20IU/L
Flushing
Sweats
Headaches
Insomnia
Urge incontinence 
Libido decreased; vaginal dry
28
Q

Causes of seizures

A 
GRAND MAL; epilepsy
Glucose
Raised BP; malignant HTN
Anoxia
Neuro; infx, Ca
Drugs
Metabolic; Ca2+, Na 
Alzheimer's 
Liver failure
29
Q

Peripheral neuropathy

A 
ABCDEFGHI
Alcohol
Vit b 1,6,12
Cancer, connective tissue ds
DM, drugs
Everything else
Friederichs ataxia
GB
Hereditary peroneal atrophy
30
Q

Cerebellar ds Sx

A 
DANISHP
Dysdiado
Ataxia
Nystagmus
Intention tremor
Spurred speach
Hypotonia
Past pointing
31
Q

Causes gastroenteritis

A 
LESS GERMS 
Listeria
E. coli
S aureus
Salmonella, shigella
Giardia
Entamoeba histolytica 
Rotavirus
Mushrooms
32
Q

Complication P faliciparum malaria

A 
MALARIA
Metabolic acidosis
Anaemia
Lungs; p edema
Altered consciousness
Reduced glucose
ARF from ATN
33
Q

Migraine triggers

A 
CHOCOLATES
Cheese
OCP
Caffeine
alchOL
Travel
Exercise 
Sleep disturbance
34
Q

PD Sx

A 
4Ss
Slow
Shaking
Stiff
Stooped
35
Q

Complications PD

A 
4Ds
Depression
Dementia
Autonomic dysfunction 
Death; pneumonia, PE
36
Q

Delirium dx

A 
Consciousness DIPPS
Clouding consciousness
\+2:
Disoriented
Incoherent speech
Perceptual change 
Psychomotor change
Sleep affected
37
Q

Cortex v medulla

A

Cortex - centre

Medulla - middle

38
Q

CKD tx

A 
ABCDE
Anaemia
BP, bone
Calcium
Drugs/ diet; renal diet (low protein)
Edema; diuretics
39
Q

Polyarteritis nodosa Sx

A

PAN
Proteinuria/ Pericarditis
Aneurysms/ abdo pain/ arthralgia
Necrotising vasculitis

40
Q

Dialysis indications

A 
AEIOU
Acidosis
Electrolytes
Intoxication
Overload
Uraemia
41
Q

Problems
Haemodialysis
V
Peritoneal dialysis

A 
HD
Hypotension
Dysequilibrium syndrome
V
PD
Peritonism
Decrease efficiency
42
Q

Pneumonia grading

A

CURB65
Confusion
Urea >7
RR>30

43
Q

TB management

A 
RIPE
Rifampicin
Isoniazid
Pryrazinamide
Ethambutol
44
Q

Rifampicin SE

A

Pissin orange

45
Q

OA X-ray changes

A 
LOSS
Loss joint space
Osteophytes
Subchondral cyst
Subchondral sclerosis
46
Q

Seronegative spondyloarthropathies

A 
CRAP
Crohns
Reactive
AS
Psoriasis
47
Q

Retro peritoneal structures

A 
PACKED
Pancreas
Aorta, IVC
Colon/ rectum
Kidneys
Esophagus
Duodenum
48
Q

Post op pyrexia

A 
5Ws
Wind
Wound
Water
Walk - DVT 
Wonder where abscess etc
49
Q

Causes pancreatitis

A 
IGETSMASHED
Idiopathic
Gallstones
Ethanol
Trauma
Steroids
Mumps
Autoimmune
Scorpion
Hyperlipidaemia
ERCP
Drugs
50
Q

Pancreatitis grading

A 
Modified Glasgow score
PaO2 55
No >15
Ca < 2
Renal - urea >16
Enzymes - LDH >600
Albumin < 32
Sugar >10
51
Q

Severe pancreatitis

A

> 3 modified Glasgow score

52
Q

Complications gastrectomy

A

3Ds
Dumping
Diarrhoea
Deficient diet; vitamins

53
Q

Limb Ischaemia; Sx

A

Pulseless, pale, perishingly cold

Pain, paraesthesia, paralysis

54
Q

Lateral rotators of thigh

A

PGOGOQ

Piriformis, gemellus s, obturator i, gemullus i, obturator e, quadratus

55
Q

Perineal
v
peroneal

A

Perineal; in between legs
v
Peroneal, on legs

56
Q

Median nerve muscles Innervated

A

Hand; LOAF

57
Q

Tx soft tissue injuries

A 
RICE
Rest 
Ice
Compression
Elevation
58
Q

Lipids biochemistry results

A

54321

Total lipid 1

59
Q

P450 inducers

A 
CRAP GPS induce me to madness
Carbemazepine
Rifampicin
Alcohol; chronic
Phenytoin
Griseofulvin
Phenobarbitone
Sulphonylureas
60
Q

P450 inhibitors

A 
SICK FACES. COM
Sodium valproate
Isoniazid
Cimetidine
Ketoconazole
Fluconazole
Alcohol; binge
Chloramphenicol 
Erythromycin
Sulfonamides
Ciprofloxacin
Omeprazole
Metronidazole
Grapefruit juice
61
Q

Causes of raised prolactin

A 
5 Ps
Pregnancy
Prolactinoma
Physiological
PCOS
Primary hypothyroidism
Phenothiazine, Metoclopramide, domoeridone
62
Q

ABG

Pt on oxygen?

A

Rule of 19

If pO2 + pCO2 > 19 : pt on oxygen

63
Q

Hypokalaemia ECG change

A

U have no Pot and no T

But a long PR and a long QT

Medicine (20 decks)

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