Emergency drugs and tx Flashcards
Cardiac arrest
Unshockable rhythm
1mg adrenaline IV
Every 3-5mins
Narrow complex tachycardia
Vagal manoeuvre: carotid, valsalva
6mg adenosine + saline flush
12mg adenosine + saline flush
Bradycardia
Atropine 500 micrograms IV No response \+ 500 microgram to 3mg max Adrenaline 2-10 micrograms/ min Transcutaneous pacing
Anaphylaxis
0.5mg adrenaline IM every 5 min
10mg chlorphenamine IV
200mg hydrocortisone IV
?IM glucagon 1mg on b blocker
AF/ atrial flutter
New onset
Compromised: HR>150, HF, - DC cardiovert, - or metoprolol up to 5mg IV Uncomprimised - bisoprolol 5-10mg PO - Flecainide 2mg/kg IV
AF/ atrial flutter
Pre existing >48h
Comprimised - metoprolol 5mg over 5 min - 500 micrograms digoxin IV - amiodarone 300mg Uncomprimised - bisoprolol PO, 5-10mg - digoxin 500 microgram PO
VF/VT
1mg adrenaline IV (3-5)mins
300mg Amiodarone IV
STEMI
GTN spray 300mg aspirin PO 5-10mg morphine IV 10mg Metoclopramide IV PCI
NSTEMI
GTN spray 300mg aspirin 300mg clopidogrel PO 2.5mg fondaparinux SC (eGFR>30) Simvastatin 40mg ON Bisoprolol PO (HR>70, BP>110)
Acute asthma
Sit up + O2 5mg salbutamol nebs 0.5mg ipratropium nebs 40mg prednisolone - or 100mg hydrocortisone IV CXR- pneumothorax Life threatening: - 1.2 to 2mg IV magnesium sulphate
P edema
Sit up + O2 2.5 to 5mg diamorphine slow IV 40-80mg furosemide slow IV GTN spray GTN infusion (BP>110)
Hypoglycaemia
No swallow - 1mg glucagon IM - 100ml 20% glucose IV Swallow - Hypostop - 160ml, 10% glucose IV Repeat BM 10mins
Status epilepticus
Repeat every 10mins Lorazepam 2-4mg slow IV Or Buccal midazolam 10mg Or Rectal diazepam 10mg
Keppra 30mg/kg
Hyperkalaemie
Severe: >6.5 or symptomatic
Cardiac monitor
IV calcium gluconate 10%, 10ml over 2mins
10 units actrapid in 50ml 50% glucose over 15mins
20mg salbutamol nebs: resistant
? Sodium bicarbonate
Hyperkalaemia
Severe = x
Severe > 6.5
Adenosine
6,12,12mg fast IV, every 5 mins
Amiodarone infusion
300mg over 30mins
Atropine
Brady
- 0.5mg, every min, IV, max 3mg
Arrest
3mg once only IV
Calcium gluconate
10% in 10ml IV, over 2 mins, every 15 mins to max 50ml
Digoxin infusion
500micrograms in 30mins
Once only IV
Adrenaline
Anaphylaxis - 0.5mg IM, 1:1000 0.5ml - every 5min Arrest - 1mg IV: 1:10,000 10ml - every 3min
Morphine
5mg IV every 5 mins
Verapamil
5mg in 2min, IV, every 5 min
15 MG max
Aminophylline
5mg/kg in 20min
Once IV
Furosemide
40-120mg once IV
Max 1mg/kg
GTN infusion
2-10mg/h if systolic >90
Infusion IV
Hydrocortisone
100-200mg IV
QDS
Ipratropium
500 micrograms 4h, Neb
Magnesium
8mmol
1.2-2g over 20min
Once IV
Salbutamol
5mg Neb, continuous
Glucose
10% 200ml
20% 100ml
50% 50ml
Diazepam
10mg, every 5 min IV/PR
30mg max
Lorazepam
4mg every 5 min, IV
12mg max
Naloxone
400microgram IV every 3 min
Aka 0.4mg
Phenytoin
15mg/kg at 50mg/min
Once IV infusion
Bleeding TXA
1g in 10min bolus
1g TDS infusion over 8h
Loading kepra
20-30mg/kg
60mg/kg (BRI: status)
Severe low Mg
< 0.5 or 0.6
Anticipatory drugs
Morphine 2.5mg SC 1h Midazolam 2.5-5mg SC Cyclizine 50mg SC 8h Levomepromazine 2.5-5mg SC 8h Haloperidol 500mcg SC 12h Buscopan 20mg SC 1h (max 120mg)
Hydrocortisone in sepsis
50mg QDS IV
Seizure
Rectal diazepam
Buffalo midazolam
10mg rectal diazepam
10mg buccal midazolam
Midazolam IV sedation
O.5-2mg increments
Initial:
2mg under 60
1mg over 60
IV Fentanyl dose
Adult and child
Spontaneous breathing
50-100mcg
Max 200mcg
1-2 mcg/kg
Hypertonic saline
100ml of 5% NaCl over 10min
Sumatriptan
Used for and dose
Migraine or cluster headache
6mg SC
10-20mg IN
IV metoprolol for AF
5mg over 5 mins
IV metoprolol
Sodium bicarbonate IV
Uses and dose
Hyperkalaemia
DKA pH<7
Tx
1.26% sodium bicarbonate
250ml over 2h
PE/DVT
Treatment dose LMWH
Fragmin (dalteparin)
200unit/kg SC
eGFR<30
Enoxaparin 1mg/kg SC
Mannitol
For raised ICP
0.5g/kg over 15min
Place urinary catheter
Isoprenaline infusion
5mcg/minute
Adrenaline infusion
2-10mcg/min
Suggamadex dose
16mg/kg