Mnemonics

Question 1

what is a mnemonic?

Answer 1

a structured technique that is used to help people remember and recall information

Question 2

what are the four types of verbal mnemonics/

Answer 2

acronym
acrostic
rhymes
chunking

Question 3

what is an acronym?

Answer 3

where a word or sentence is formed from the initial letters of other words
e.g.ROY G BIV=colours

Question 4

what is an acrostic?

Answer 4

Poem or sentence where the first letter in each line of word forms the items to be remembered
e.g My Very Easy Method Just Speeds Up Naming Planets

Question 5

What is a rhyme?

Answer 5

a group of words with an identity or rhythm

Question 6

what is chunking?

Answer 6

dividing a long string of information into memorable chuks

Question 7

What are the 3 types of visual mnemonics?

Answer 7

Spider diagrams
Loci
keywork method

Question 8

what is the method of loci?

Answer 8

associating parts of the material being learnt with different places in the order that they are to be recalled.
e.g. imagining walking round your house and every room is something to be recalled

Question 9

What is a spider diagram?

Answer 9

making notes of information using a branching pattern. Sketches and diagrams are added and each notes page has a distinctive appearance

Question 10

what are keyword methods?

Answer 10

It was thought of by Atkinson and Raugh and is used when trying to associate two pieces of information. Conjuring up the visual image should trigger the recall of the word

Question 11

Research on visual imagery-O’Hara

Answer 11

They found the use of mnemonic techniques has long-term memory benefits for older adults

Question 12

Research on visual imagery- what did Atkinson find?

Answer 12

the keyboard method had mixed results. Participants trained in the use of keyboards learned significantly more Russian vocab than a control group

Question 13

research on verbal mnemonics-Gruneberg

Answer 13

A survey of psychology students revising for final exams, Discovered 30% of these student used mnemonics with first letter being the most popular.

Question 14

research on verbal mnemonics- what did Glidden et al find?

Answer 14

Verbal mnemonics were effective in children with learning disabilities. Their effectiveness over a control group was no longer evident 12 months

Question 15

Give one limitation of mnemonics done by Slavin

Answer 15

Mnemonic strategies have been successful for teaching foreign language but have not been showed to actually help speak foreign language

Question 16

Studies have taken place in lab conditions-why is this a limitation?

Answer 16

they have used materials believed to be specially appropriate for the mnemonic strategies under test

Question 17

The role of organisation- explain Bower et al’s study

Answer 17

Gave participants 112 words to learn. If the words were organised into conceptual hierarchies, recall was 2-3 times better

Question 18

What is the role of organisation

Answer 18

By organising data, we establish links that help recall.

Memory works in a way that if it is organised, you can find information much quicker

Question 19

The role of elaborative rehearsal-explain

Answer 19

research has shown that enduring memories are created through the process of elaboration. The amount of rehearsal is important but the nature of rehearsal is more important

Question 20

who did the experiment on real-life application?

Answer 20

Broadly and MacDonald

Question 21

what was the real-life application

Answer 21

Studied 63 children with down-syndrome aged 14-18.
Phase 1: children were assessed on a battery of tests, including STM skills.
Phase 2: divided into experimental group who received training in memory improvement techniques and a control group who did not.
Phase 3: initial assessment repeated. It was shown that the training programme had significantly improved memory skills among the experimental group children