Age and EWT Flashcards
Children- why are children becoming more apparent in courtroom?
Because there is a heightened about child abuse so they have to be there
What did Parker and Carranza do?
Compared primary children with college students in their ability to correctly identify a target individual following a slide sequence of a mock crime.
what did Parker and Carranza find?
children have a higher rate of choosing although they were more likely to make errors of identfication
What did Yarmey do.
Stopped 651 adults in a public place and asked them to recall the physical characteristics of a female whom they’d spoken to 2 minutes before for 15 seconds.
What did Yarmey find from his experiment?
Young and middle aged adults were more confident in their recall and accuracy than older adults.
What did Memon found out from his experiment?
NO difference in accuracy of an event between young and older participants after a 35 minute delay, however after a week delay, older participants were significantly less accurate
what is the own-age bias argument?
Most studies have shown that older adults show poorer performance on tests of eyewitness memory especially face recognition. Part of this difference could be accounted for by the stimuli used in experiments. Most studies have tested college-aged students who are asked to correctly identify the faces of similar ages “targets” The possibility ignored is that participants may simply have superior memory for faces in their own age group-this would explain why older people show poor recognition
What is the evidence for own-age bias?
3 ages groups were shown photos of 24 people which they had to rate for attractiveness. After a short “filler” activity, they were presented with the 24 photos plus 24 photos that weren’t there previously. It was found that young and middle ages participants were more accurate but all age groups were more accurate in identifying photos from their own age group.
What is the differential experience hypothesis?
it suggests the more contact we have with members of a particular age group or ethnic group, the better memory would be for such individuals
what is the perceptual learning hypothesis?
it suggests we become more expert in processing the faces of those of a similar age because we encounter them more regularly
Explain individual differences to do with intoxication
Clifasefi et al. compared mildly intoxicated people with those who were completely sober, 82% of the intoxicated individuals didn’t notice a gorilla walking across the room while watching a video with people playing basketball. 46% of the sober people didn’t notice either. So accuracy can be compromised by alcohol.
