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MMT Flashcards

1
Q

cervical flexion and contralateral rotation, ipsilateral flexion

A
  1. SCM (CN 11, C2-C3)
  2. position- supine
  3. movement- start with head completely rotated to side you are testing. do full ROM rotation and lift up
  4. resist- light on temple
  5. palpate- SCM
  6. sub- trunk flexion
  7. GE- none
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2
Q

cervical/ AO flexion (4 muscles)

A
  1. RCA, RCL, longus capitus, longus cervicis (C1-C8)
  2. position- supine
  3. tuck chin (chin to chest for AO flexion) then blift head off table
  4. resist- light resistance on forehead
  5. palpate - none
  6. sub- not using AO or cervical, excessive trunk flexion
  7. GE- none
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3
Q

cervical/ AO extension (6 muscles)

A
  1. RCP major, RCP minor, splenius capitus, splenius coli, erector spinae, transverse spinae (C1-C8)
  2. position- prone, head hanging over table
  3. movement- raise head to at least neutral (can rotate left of right to tease out sides)
    * *if very weak they can rest head on table and look if they can lift it
  4. resist- light resistance on upper occiput
  5. palpate- traps
  6. sub- trunk extension
  7. GE- none
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4
Q 
trunk flexion (1 muscle) 
**know grading system
A
  1. rectus abdominus (T7-T12)
  2. position- supine, hands behind head =5 , while PT stabilizes thighs
  3. movement- lift trunk and try to lift past inferior angle of scapula.
  4. resistance- none, PT stabilizes thighs (grading hands cross chest =4, hands by sides =3)
  5. palpate- abs
  6. substitution- cervical flexion, hip flexion
  7. GE- none
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5
Q

trunk flexion and rotation (2 muscles)

A
  1. external and internal obliques (T7-L1)
  2. position- supine, long legs, hands behind head while pt stabilizes thighs
  3. movement- lift trunk and curl one shoulder away from table, trying to clear inferior angle of scapula
  4. resist- none, PT stabilize thighs
  5. palpate- internus on same side, externus on opposite side
  6. substitution- protraction (pecs), cervical movement
  7. GE- none
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6
Q

trunk extension (2 muscles)

A
  1. erector spinae and transversospinales (T1-L5)
  2. position- prone with hands behind head (women should have breasts off table) while PT stabilizes legs
  3. movement- extend spine to raise chest off table past nipple line
  4. resist- some overpressure on upper back
  5. palpate- none
  6. substitution- cervical extension
  7. GE- none
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7
Q

hip hike (1 muscle)

A
  1. quadratus lumborum (T12-L3)
  2. supine
  3. movement- PT pulls ankle on 1 legs towards themselves while pt tries to pull hip towards themselves
  4. resist- none
  5. palpate- none
  6. substitution- abs, lateral flexion
  7. GE- none
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8
Q

Kendalls test (3- muscle, movement and grading)

A
  1. rectus abdominus (C7-T12)
  2. supine, assist legs to 90 degrees of hip flexion and bring legs down until pelvis tilt cannot be maintained any longer and measure angle
  3. grading:
    3 = 75 degrees
    3+ = 60 degrees
    4- = 45 degrees
    4 = 30 degrees
    4+ = 15 degrees
    5 = <15 degrees
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9
Q

MMT grades summary (2)

A

5-3 - against gravity, full ROM

2-1 gravity eliminated

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10
Q

MMT - grade 5

A

5= full ROM, against gravity, max resistance

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11
Q

MMT grade 4 (3)

A 
4+= full ROM, against gravity, mod-max resistance
4= full ROM, against gravity, mod resistance
4-= full ROM, against gravity, min resistance
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12
Q

MMT grade 3 (3)

A

3+ = full ROM, against gravity, slight resistance3= full ROM, against gravity, no resistance3- = >1/2 ROM, against gravity, no resistance

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13
Q

MMT grade 2 (3)

A

2+= > full ROM, gravity eliminated, slight resistance2= > full ROM, gravity eliminated, no resistance2-= >1/2 ROM, gravity eliminated, no resistance

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14
Q

MMT grade 1 (2)

A

1+ = < 1/2 ROM, palpable contraction (= trace contraction)1= no appreciable ROM but palpable contraction

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15
Q

MMT grade 0

A

no movement or palpable contraction

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16
Q

hip flexion

A
  1. iliopsosas (femoral nerve)
  2. sit (to minimize thigh muscles)
  3. movement- hip hike
  4. resist- against femur
  5. palpate- none
  6. sub- flex/ aBduct, or hip extension for whole exercise to recruit rec fem
  7. GE- side ly
17
Q

hip flexion, aBduction and external rotation

A
  1. Sartorious (femoral nerve)
  2. sit
  3. movement - do sartorious movement
  4. resist- push thigh down and in, calf up and out
  5. palpate- off ASIS
  6. sub- ?
  7. GE- slide active leg up and down opposite shin
18
Q

hip external rotation (6 muscles)

A
  1. (superior -> inferior) piriformus (nerve to piriformis), gemellis superior, obdurator internus (nerve to OI), gemellis inferior (nerve to quad fem), obdurator externus (obdurator nerve), quadratus femoris (nerve to quad fem)
  2. sit
  3. movement- rotate in and out below knee, make sure hip is at 90
  4. resist- prox to medial malleolus
  5. palpate- behind greater trochanter
  6. sub- flex with aBduction
  7. GE- long ly, ext rotate, PT holds leg, but not much resistance
19
Q

hip internal rotation (2 muscles)

A
  1. glut min, TFL (superior gluteal nerve)
  2. sit
  3. movement- rotate in and out below knee, make sure hip is at 90
  4. resist- prox to lateral malleolus
  5. palpate- glut min- ant surface of iliac blade, deep
    TFL- posterior to ASIS
  6. sub- flex with aDduction
  7. GE- long ly, int rotate, PT holds legs, but not much resistance
20
Q

hip aBduction

A
  1. gluteus medius (superior gluteal nerve)
  2. side ly, PT stands behind, pt bends bottom kneee
  3. movement- straight leg raise, make sure hip doesnt bend
  4. resist- distal femur
  5. palpate- below crest of ilium
  6. sub- flexed hip or pelvic hiking
  7. GE- supine
21
Q

hip aBduction with flexed hip

A
  1. TFL (superior gluteal nerve)
  2. side ly, PT behind, pt bends bottom knee
  3. movement- flex hip to 45 and straigt leg raise
  4. resist- distal femur
  5. palpate- behind ASIS
  6. sub- flex hip more or less
  7. GE- supine
22
Q

hip aDduction (5 muscles)

A 
1. anterior -> posterior
 pectinus (femoral nerve), adductor longus, gracilis, adductor brevis, adductor medius (obdurator nerve all others)
2. side ly with active leg on bottom, cross other leg over top with foot flat on bench
3. movement- leg lift
4. resist- distal femur
5. palpate- ??
6. sub- ext/ int rotate
7. GE- supine
23
Q

hip extension (2 muscles)

A
  1. glut max (inferior gluteal nerve), hamstrings (sciatic nerve)
  2. prone (if pt has tight hip flexors can do against wall)
  3. movement- extend leg- to test gluteus max bend knee
  4. resist distal femur
  5. palpate- glut max and hamstrings at ischial tuberosity
  6. sub- pelvis rotation, adductor magnus, anterior pelvic tily
  7. GE- supine

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